We tested whether multicomponent mixtures of xenoestrogens would produce significant effects when each component was combined at concentrations below its individual NOEC or EC01 level. The estrogenic effects of eight chemicals of environmental relevance, including hydroxylated PCBs, benzophenones, parabenes, bisphenol A, and genistein, were recorded using a recombinant yeast estrogen screen (YE...

Fluoxetine is a serotonin re-uptake inhibitor, generally used as an antidepressant. It is suspected to provoke substantial effects in the aquatic environment. This study reports the effects of fluoxetine on the life cycle of four invertebrate species, Daphnia magna, Hyalella azteca and the snail Potamopyrgus antipodarum exposed to fluoxetine spiked-water and the midge Chironomus riparius expose...

The no-observed-effect concentrations (NOEC) and EC(10) values for 108 organic compounds were estimated, using multiple endpoints (i.e., biopopulation, growth rate, and dissolved oxygen production), from previous data obtained by a closed-system algal toxicity test (test alga: Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata). These low-toxic-effect concentrations are valuable to risk assessment of chemicals an...

BACKGROUND Peroxy sulfonated oleic acids (PSOA) is a novel surfactant peracid. The commercial applications of PSOA result in the chemical primarily being disposed of via industrial waste water effluent. Given this manner of disposal, it is important to understand the aquatic hazards of the chemical to better assess the risk posed to aqueous environments. Acute aquatic toxicity laboratory experi...

Traditionally, the No-Observed-Effect-Concentration (NOEC) or Inhibition Concentration (IC-25) are used to report the level of toxicity in effluent samples. These endpoints, and the methods used to calculate them, have several well known limitations that interfere with reasonable potential calculations, discharge limit development and permit compliance determinations. An alternative approach us...

aluminum oxide nanoparticles are the most widely used nanoparticles in various industries.theincreasing use of nanoparticles in the past two decades and their entry into the industrial and non-industrialwaste water necessitates the assessment of potential effects of these substances in aquatic ecosystems. oecdstandard method was applied to determine the toxicity of this substance. after perform...

Acute and chronic toxicity of eight agricultural adjuvants (Bond, Kinetic, Plyac, R-11, Silwet L-77, Sylgard 309, X-77, and WaterMaxx) to Daphnia pulex were evaluated with 48-h acute lethal concentration estimates (LC50) and a 10-d population growth-rate measurement, the instantaneous rate of increase (r1). Based on LC50, the order of toxicity was R-11 > X-77 = Sylgard 309 = Silwet L-77 > Kinet...

_Treating the wastewater with high level of urea and ammonia-nitrogen is one of the problems faced by urea fertilizer plants in Indonesia. The alternative treatment being studied is the one which uses Fenton oxidation process which is continued with the use of Pseudomonas fluorescens bacteria. This study is conducted with the concentration of ammonia-nitrogen of 2500 ppm, 2000 ppm, and 1500 ppm...