In models of economic geography, plant-level scale economies and trade costs create incentives for spatial agglomeration of production into a manufacturing core and agricultural periphery, creating regional income differentials. We examine tax competition between national governments to influence the location of manufacturing activity. Labour is imperfectly mobile and governments impose redistr...

Minimising manufacturing cost and production time parallel to raising the quality and the shipment reliability are important challenges in every production system. In case of distributed production systems the management of the above-mentioned criteria has great signi"cance and needs a complex, co-operative handling of the problems. A new, co-operative manufacturing network model is proposed fo...

Abbreviations CDC US Centers for Disease Control FDA US Food and Drug Administration FR Federal Register FSMA Food Safety Modernization Act GAPs Good Agricultural Practices GMPs Good manufacturing practices HACCP Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Points HARPC Hazard Analysis and Risk-based Preventive Controls LGMA The California Leafy Greens Marketing Agreement USDA US Department of Agriculture

In spite of the advent of new materials, clay bricks remain, arguably, the most popular construction materials today. Nevertheless the low cost and versatility of clay bricks cannot always be associated with high environmental and sustainable values, especially in terms of raw material sources and manufacturing processes. At the same time, the worldwide agricultural footprint is fast growing, w...

Agriculture employs about three-quarter of Nigeria's workforce and yet food sufficiency is a challenge in the country. This is largely due to poor and outdated pre-harvest and post-harvest farming practices. The land fallow system is still been practised as fertiliser production in the country is grossly inadequate and expensive. The few available post-harvest processing facilities are faced wi...

this paper considers the job scheduling problem in virtual manufacturing cells (vmcs) with the goal of minimizing two objectives namely, makespan and total travelling distance. to solve this problem two algorithms are proposed: traditional non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm (nsga-ii) and knowledge-based non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm (kbnsga-ii). the difference between these algor...

the quality of firms’ reaction against demand uncertainty affects the production inputs employment. in this research i have studied and compared the behavior of active firms in manufacturing sector with respect to the risk attitude and tested it’s effect on production inputs combination(with the special emphasize on labor employment). the research findings reveal that active firms in manufactur...