conclusions noninvasive assessment of the patient hydration condition using the ultrasound is a simple and practicable measure in emergency. with regard to the considerations, it is possible to estimate cvp via diameter measurement and cross-section of the central veins. results twenty patients with the mean age of 60.3 were studied. the main reason for cardiac catheterization was shock. there ...

The objective of this focused review is to describe the rationale, methods, and potential clinical applications of dobutamine stress echocardiography (DSE) in heart transplant recipients. More than 500 studies in 150 heart transplant patients who underwent this procedure (1991-96) are reviewed. Relevant studies from the medical literature that have assessed the utility of DSE in the diagnosis o...

High-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) is a minimally invasive medical procedure which has shown considerable potential for a variety of therapeu­ tic applications. Some of the medical applications of HIFU include thermal ablation of tumors and uterine fibroids, vessel cauterization, thrombolysis, drug delivery, and gene activation (Curra and Crum [1]). HIFU ablation, unlike other minimally i...

Pediatric mandibular fractures have been successfully managed in various ways. The use of a lingual splint is an option. This article presents a 4-year old boy who was treated by an alternative conservative method with a combination of an arch bar plus a lingual splint, circum-mandibular wiring and IMF for the reduction, stabilization and fixation of a severely displaced bilateral man‌dibular b...

background percutaneous liver biopsy is one of the most important and widely used methods for diagnosing chronic liver diseases; however, controversies related to the potential risk of complications and patient discomfort still exist. objectives the objective of this study was to evaluate the safety and success rate of blind percutaneous liver biopsy. patients and methods we conducted a retrosp...