The main goal of this study was to describe the method of the synthesis of the dodecyl-, tetradecyl-, hexadecyl- and octadecyl-propylene glycol emulsifiers in the presence of selected anionic and nonionic surfactants. Acyl propylene glycol emulsifiers were produced by esterification of propane-1,2-diol (propylene glycol, PG) with C12:0-C18:0 fatty acids in the presence of anionic sodium dodecyl...

Glucose induces biphasic insulin secretion by the islet beta-cell. Based on recent knowledge on glucose signaling in the beta-cell, the underlying mechanisms for this biphasicity could be envisaged as follows. Glucose-induced elevation of cytosolic free Ca(2+) concentration, which is due to the electrophysiological events that originate in closure of the ATP-sensitive K(+) (K(ATP)) channel, mos...

We present a patient undergoing spinal angiography and suspected of having an AVM. During the first injection of nonionic contrast, a nidal AVM supplied by the great anterior radiculomedullary artery at T9 left was found. The second injection at T9 left no longer showed the contrast filling of the AVM. Follow-up angiography showed persistent AVM obliteration with an intact arterial spinal axis....

Cytochrome f was purified from spinach grana membranes with a final yield of 42%. Using technology of disc gel electrophoresis with and without nonionic detergent, it was found that the cytochrome was intrinsically hydrophobic and existed as soluble aggregates at pH 8 which could be disaggregated by 0.1% nonionic detergent to a single, stable, electrophoretic species. Disc gel electrophoresis w...

The effect of uncharged surfactant additives on the oppositely charged polyion/ionic surfactant complexation is usually described as a direct equilibrium association between the polyelectrolyte molecules and free mixed micelles analogous to the polyion/colloidal particle interactions. This approach predicts that the binding of the ionic surfactant to the polyelectrolyte molecules can be complet...

Background: Xanthomonas campestris is a biopolymer producing gram negative bacterium. Production of xanthan biopolymer can be affected by different extrinsic factors as well as surfactants. Hitherto, effects of nonionic surfactants on xanthan production have been studied in a limited number of articles.Objective: In the present study, nonionic surfactants...

The biodegradation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) often is limited by low water solubility and dissolution rate. Nonionic surfactants and sodium dodecyl sulfate increased the concentration of PAH in the water phase because of solubilization. The degradation of PAH was inhibited by sodium dodecyl sulfate because this surfactant was preferred as a growth substrate. Growth of mixed cult...

The nonionic biodegradation-resistant ("hard") alkylphenol ethoxylate (APEO) surfactants and their degradation products are known endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs). We report here the findings concerning the APEOs concentrations and homologic distribution profiles in Israel's estuarine and coastal zone seawater to serve as a case study. The concentrations in sewage-containing rivers, estuar...

A bicontinuous lyotropic cubic phase, composed of the nonionic surfactant