Parameters of Gasser Leutwyler chiral Lagrangian are proved saturated by dynamical quark self energy Σ(k2) in a gauge invariant, nonlocal, dynamical quark model. Much of low-energy QCD can be encoded into a series parameters appearing in a chiral Lagrangian, expanded to some finite order of low energy expansion. Attempts have been made to understand these parameters: it is shown that low lying ...

Nonlocal gradient operators are basic elements of nonlocal vector calculus that play important roles in nonlocal modeling and analysis. In this work, we extend earlier analysis on nonlocal gradient operators. In particular, we study a nonlocal Dirichlet integral that is given by a quadratic energy functional based on nonlocal gradients. Our main finding, which differs from claims made in previo...

The article is concerned with a new nonlocal model based on Eringen’s nonlocal elasticity and generalized thermoelasticity. A study is made of the magneto-thermoelastic waves in an isotropic conducting thermoelastic finite rod subjected to moving heat sources permeated by a primary uniform magnetic field and rotating with a uniform angular velocity. The Laplace transform technique with respect ...

In analogy to a perturbed harmonic oscillator, we calculate the fundamental and some other higher order soliton solutions of the nonlocal nonlinear Schödinger equation (NNLSE) in the second approximation in the generally nonlocal case. Comparing with numerical simulations we show that soliton solutions in the second approximation can describe the generally nonlocal soliton states of the NNLSE m...

Acceleration-induced nonlocality and the corresponding Lorentz-invariant nonlocal field equations of accelerated systems in Minkowski spacetime are discussed. Under physically reasonable conditions, the nonlocal equation of motion of the field can be derived from a varia-tional principle of stationary action involving a nonlocal Lagrangian that is simply obtained by composing the local inertial...

In this paper, a continuum model based on the nonlocal elasticity theory is developed for vibration analysis of embedded orthotropic circular and elliptical micro/nano-plates. The nano-plate is bounded by a Pasternak foundation. Governing vibration equation of the nonlocal nano-plate is derived using Nonlocal Classical Plate Theory (NCPT). The weighted residual statement and the Galerkin method...

The forced vibration behaviors are examined for nonlocal strain gradient nanobeams with surface effects subjected to a moving harmonic load travelling with a constant velocity in terms of three beam models namely, the Euler-Bernoulli, Timoshenko and modified Timoshenko beam models. The modification for nonlocal strain gradient Timoshenko nanobeams is exerted to the constitutive equations by exc...