The novel 2xVDD NOT, NAND, and NOR logic gates have been designed and implemented in a nanoscale CMOS process with only 1xVDD devices. With the proposed dynamic source bias technique, the logic gates can be designed to have 2xVDD tolerant capability. Thus, the new 2xVDD logic gates can be operated under 2xVDD voltage environment without suffering the gate-oxide reliability issue.

Jeffrey L. Krause,1 Kenneth J. Schafer,2 M. Ben-Nun,3 and Kent R. Wilson3 1Quantum Theory Project, P.O. Box 118435, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611-8435 2Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803-4001 3Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093 (Received 8 Novembe...

Though the Slovenian SpeechDat(II) database is the largest spoken language resources for Slovenian ever recorded, it belongs to the smaller speech data collections made available by the European LE2-4001 project (http://www.speechdat.org/). The aim of this paper is to analyze this new Slovenian resource and explore the possibilities of supplementing it with data recorded for other languages. Th...

Abstract What do we need to know about “art” or “class struggle” before considering their relation one another? Could you describe a specific work text that might serve as an illustration of class struggle exploration the problem representing it? Let us say visual art, broadly speaking, does express worldview dominant class. kind art then expresses of, say, hedge fund managers? Does dialectic v...

Coarse Particles and Dust Storm Mortality In a paper titled "Episodes of High Coarse Partide Concentrations Are Not Associated with Increased Mortality," Schwartz et al. (1) concluded that "coarse particles from windblown dust are not associated with mortality risk." The authors seem to have overlooked the medical literature on the health effects of the historic U.S. dust storms of the dust bow...

Art Education through the Constituent Elements of Science Curriculum M. Entezaami  M. SeyfNaraaghi, Ph.D. E. Naaderi, Ph.D. Art education is emphasized within the elementary school curriculum, yet ways of implementing it are rather vague. Given that such an education would include the development of all senses, and improvements in esthetics, imagination, and creativity, on th...

We show that strictly abnormal geodesics arise in graded nilpotent Lie groups. We construct such a group, for which some Carnot geodesics are strictly abnormal and, in fact, not normal in any subgroup. In the 2-step case we also prove that these geodesics are always smooth. Our main technique is based on the equations for the normal and abnormal curves, that we derive (for any Lie group) explic...