Based on generalized laminate plate theory, the formulation of a one-dimensional beam finite element with layer-wise constant shear (BLCS) is presented. The linear layer-wise representation of in-plane displacements permit accurate computation of normal stresses and transverse shear stresses on each layer for laminated beams with dissimilar ply stiffnesses. The BLCS formulation is equivalent to...

Recent morphological studies have demonstrated a laminar (sheet) organization of ventricular myofibers. Multiaxial measurements of orthotropic myocardial constitutive properties have not been reported, but regional distributions of three-dimensional diastolic and systolic strains relative to fiber and sheet axes have recently been measured in the dog heart by Takayama et al. [30]. A three-dimen...

In this paper, the flexural response of functionally graded plates with porosities is investigated using a novel higher order shear deformation theory, which considers the influence of thickness stretching. This theory fulfills the nullity conditions at the top and bottom of the plate for the transverse shear stresses, thus avoids the need of a shear correction factor. The effective material pr...

Confined interfaces between cement grout and other materials such as embossed steel or rough concrete are formed in an innovative new steel-concrete connection for composite bridges. This article presents the experimental study of such interfaces and investigates the laws obtained from an analytical study, which describe the behaviour of those interfaces subjected to shear loading, static and c...

The linear crack between two dissimilar elastic isotropic half-spaces under normal harmonic shear loading is considered taking the crack's faces contact interaction and friction into account. problem solved by boundary integral equations method components of solution are represented Fourier series. numerical convergence analysed. results validated through comparison with classical model solutio...

geometrical profile (roughness) of joint surfaces influences the behaviour of rock joints under shear loading. with regard to the dilation, there are two models of direct shear test that may simulate the original loading condition existing in the location from where the specimens have been sampled. the first model in which the normal load is constant (cnl) and the discontinuity is free to dilat...

A new nonlinear constitutive model for the three-dimensional stress relaxation of articular ligaments is proposed. The model accounts for finite strains, anisotropy, and strain-dependent stress relaxation behavior exhibited by these ligaments. The model parameters are identified using published uniaxial stress-stretch and stress relaxation data on human medial collateral ligaments (MCLs) subjec...

Formulations for a general theory of thermoelasticity to generate accurate thermal stresses for structural members of aeronautical vehicles were developed in 1954 by Boley. The formulation also provides three normal stresses and a shear stress along the entire length of the beam. The Poisson effect of the lateral and transverse normal stresses on a thermally loaded beam is taken into account in...