Motor vehicles’ rate models for predicting emissions of oxides of nitrogen (NOX ) are insensitive to their modes of operation such as cruise, acceleration, deceleration and idle, because these models are usually based on the average trip speed. This study demonstrates the feasibility of using other variables such as vehicle speed, acceleration, load, power and ambient temperature to predict NOX...

A mobile laboratory was used to measure onroad vehicle emission ratios during the MCMA-2003 field campaign held during the spring of 2003 in the Mexico City Metropolitan Area (MCMA). The measured emission ratios represent a sample of emissions of in-use vehicles under real world driving conditions for the MCMA. From the relative amounts of NOx and selected VOC’s sampled, the results indicate th...

Nitrogen oxides (NOx) are besides particulate matter (PM), especially for diesel engines, the most relevant emission components. Against this background and the fact that passenger car emission legislation is permanently becoming stricter, there is still a growing interest in minimizing these pollutants. Beside the highly nonlinear behavior of engines also the tradeoff between PM and NOx is a c...

BACKGROUND Emissions from solid fuels used for cooking cause ~4 million premature deaths per year. Advanced solid-fuel cookstoves are a potential solution, but they should be assessed by appropriate performance indicators, including biological effects. OBJECTIVE We evaluated two categories of solid-fuel cookstoves for eight pollutant and four mutagenicity emission factors, correlated the muta...

Satellite and ground observations detected large variability in nitrogen oxides (NOx) during the 2008 economic recession, but the impact of the recession on air quality has not been quantified. This study combines observed NOx trends and a regional chemical transport model to quantify the impact of the recession on surface ozone (O3) levels over the continental United States. The impact is quan...

[1] The impact of nitrogen oxide (NOx) emission reductions from major point sources on the key physical and chemical processes contributing to ozone formation and accumulation is studied, and the extent of change in the chemical regime is examined using selected photochemical indicators in the eastern United States. The Community Multiscale Air Quality (CMAQ) chemical-transport model, equipped ...

Commonly, the NOx emissions rates of diesel vehicles have been assumed to remain stable over the vehicle's lifetime. However, there have been hardly any representative long-term emission measurements. Here we present real-driving emissions of diesel cars and light commercial vehicles sampled on-road over 15 years in Zurich/Switzerland. Results suggest deterioration of NOx unit emissions for Eur...

China has experienced very rapid economic development in recent yearsUrban air has very high concentrations of various pollutants, including sulphur dioxide (SO2), oxides of nitrogen (NOx), ozone (O3) and particulate. This paper reviews the changes in air quality in the cities like Guangzhou over the past 15 years, and notes that a serious vehicular-related emissions problem has been superimpos...

In this study, effect of biomass share on co-combustion of coal and biomass in a circulating fluidized bed is investigated by previously developed model. SO2 and NOx emission predictions of the model are compared with test results obtained from the laboratory-scale 30 kW (thermal) atmospheric test unit of 0.86 m i.d. and 7 m tall riser data published in the literature. Simulation results show t...

The rapid urbanization in Delhi has resulted in a tremendous increase in the number of motor vehicles with the increase in population and urban mobilization. The vehicular traffic is now recognized as one of the main sources of air pollution in Delhi and has noticeable impact on air quality. The emission of criteria pollutants namely Carbon Monoxide (CO), Nitrogen Oxide (NOx) and Particulate Ma...