SUMMARY Nipple-sparing mastectomy (NSM) is gaining acceptance as an oncologically sound and cosmetically superior mastectomy technique. Debate exists over the management of positive margins near the nipple-areola complex. This case report presents a novel approach to the management of margin-positive ductal carcinoma in situ in NSM. A 50-year-old white female with invasive ductal carcinoma unde...

BACKGROUND Nipple-sparing mastectomy (NSM), understood as an oncologically valid procedure, is relatively new, and is an evolution of traditional mastectomy, particularly in relation to breast-conserving surgery. The anterior perforating branches are responsible for the cutaneous vascularization of the breast skin, and their preservation is a fundamental step to avoid possible postoperative nec...

Activation of the Notch signaling pathway segregates the non-skeletogenic mesoderm (NSM) from the endomesoderm during sea urchin embryo development. Subsequently, Notch signaling helps specify the four subpopulations of NSM, and influences endoderm specification. To gain further insight into how the Notch signaling pathway is regulated during these cell specification events, we identified a sea...

The well-known regulative properties of the sea urchin embryo, coupled with the recent elucidation of gene regulatory networks (GRNs) that underlie cell specification, make this a valuable experimental model for analyzing developmental plasticity. In the sea urchin, the primary mesenchyme cell (PMC) GRN controls the development of the embryonic skeleton. Remarkably, experimental manipulations r...

See related article, pages 1680–1685. Neurogenic stunned myocardium (NSM) is reversible cardiac dysfunction, typically after subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH).1,2 The most likely pathophysiology of NSM is a catecholamine surge that leads to transient ventricular dysfunction. The pathophysiology is probably similar to Tako-Tsubo cardiomyopathy3 and cardiac dysfunction caused by fright.4 SAH presents...

The Tsc2 product, tuberin, negatively regulates the mTOR pathway. We have exploited the Eker (Tsc2-mutant) rat system to analyse various Tsc2 mutations. Here, we focus on the N525S-Tsc2 variant (NSM), which is known to cause distinct symptoms in patients even though normal suppression of mTOR is observed. Unexpectedly, we were repeatedly unable to generate viable rats carrying the NSM transgene...

BACKGROUND Nipple-sparing mastectomy (NSM) is associated with improved cosmesis and is being performed increasingly. Its role in BRCA mutation carriers has not been well described. This was a study of the indications for, and outcomes of, NSM in BRCA mutation carriers. METHODS BRCA mutation carriers who underwent NSM were identified. Details of patient demographics, surgical procedures, compl...

An important aspect to understanding near-field optics and imaging involves the electromagnetic scattering characteristics of objects illuminated by the near field of a sub-wavelength-sized aperture. This paper addresses one particular application of near-field optics: a transmission-mode near-field scanning microscope (NSM). Specifically, some peculiar phenomena are investigated including a ne...

This study is an attempt to carry out a comparative analysis using Natural Semantic Metalanguage (henceforth NSM). The offering routine patterns of native Persian speakers was compared with that of Native American English speakers to see if it can provide evidence for applicability of NSM model which is claimed to be universal. The descriptive technique was the cultural scripts approach, using ...

The syndrome of left ventricular dysfunction in patients without obstructive coronary artery disease following central nervous system injury is termed neurogenic stunned myocardium (NSM). It has been described most commonly in association with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage. Nonspecific electrocardiogram (ECG) abnormalities, elevated troponin I levels, and reversible regional-wall motion ab...