The model basal eudicot plant California poppy (Eschscholzia californica Cham.) typically has intense yellow to orange petals and orange pollen due to pigmentation by carotenoids. Flower color variants ranging from white to yellow and orange are common. We analyzed flower color inheritance in a diverse range of white and yellow color variants with reduced carotenoid content. The inheritance of ...

For self-pollinating plants to reproduce, male and female organ development must be coordinated as flowers mature. The Arabidopsis transcription factors AUXIN RESPONSE FACTOR 6 (ARF6) and ARF8 regulate this complex process by promoting petal expansion, stamen filament elongation, anther dehiscence, and gynoecium maturation, thereby ensuring that pollen released from the anthers is deposited on ...

Petal color change in morning glory Ipomoea tricolor cv. Heavenly Blue, from red to blue, during the flower-opening period is due to an unusual increase in vacuolar pH (pHv) from 6.6 to 7.7 in colored epidermal cells. We clarified that this pHv increase is involved in tonoplast-localized Na+/H+ exchanger (NHX). However, the mechanism of pHv increase and the physiological role of NHX1 in petal c...

in order to evaluate effects of water stress and foliar application humic acid on quantities and qualitative in borage, a field experiment was conducted as a split plots design with three replication in 2012 at agricultural research station, university of zabol. water stress treatments included control or 90 percent of field capacity (w1), 70 percent field capacity (w2) and 50 percent field cap...

the effect of gibberellic acid (ga3) spraying on some characteristics of cyclamen flowering trend during the second flowering year was investigated. ga3 sprays were applied in concentrations of 0, 20, 30, 40, and 50 mg/l. the trial was carried out as a randomized complete design of three replications. the total flower count, flower count during the flowering peak, days from spraying to flowerin...

The experiment on “Evaluation of dahlia (Dahlia variabilis L.) genotypes for quality, yield and shelf life” was carried out at the Department Floriculture Landscape Architecture, College Horticulture, Sirsi, University Horticultural Sciences, Bagalkot, Karnataka during year 2018 to 2019 with a view find best life dahlia. genotype HUBD-30 recorded highest individual flower weight (15.33 g), diam...

gladiolus is one of the flowers that used on cut flower and garden plants. an experiment was conducted to study the effects of chemical treatments on the vase life of gladiolus cut flower cv. ‘rose supreme’ with ten chemical treatment using complete randomize design with 3 replications. gladiolus cut flower was harvested when the 2-3 lowest bud had start showing color then cut flower were treat...

This research aimed to compare the effects of pigments extracted from dried petal meal of marigold flower and synthetic pigments on productive performance of laying hens, egg quality and antioxidant properties of the egg. A total of 64 laying hens, aged 75 weeks, were distributed in a completely randomized design in 4 treatments and 4 replications containing 4 hens per cages. Experimental group...

in this paper the separation of saffron stigma from stamen and petal in a vertical wind tunnel has been evaluated. a wind tunnel with adjustable speed of 0.1 m s-1 intervals has been developed and used for the experiments. floating velocities of flower components (petal, stigma and stamen) were measured at one, eight, 38 and 60 hours after harvesting. subsequently, the separation was tested by ...