Due to the environmental concerns that arise from the emissions produced by fossil-fueled electric power plants, the classical economic dispatch, which operates electric power systems so as to minimize only the total fuel cost, can no longer be considered alone. Thus, by environmental dispatch, emissions can be reduced by dispatch of power generation to minimize emissions. The environmental/eco...

Throughout Europe, policy‐makers are developing policies to foster the spatial, economic and social development of what is, in the literature, often termed 'polycentric urban regions': a regional cluster of close‐by cities. It is assumed that taking a set of relatively small or medium‐ sized cities together opens up possibilities for regional economic growth. In this paper we put forward that t...

The opinions expressed in this paper are the sole responsibility of the authors and do not necessarily reflect those of the OECD or of the governments of its Member countries. Division in the Directorate for Education and it complements the analyses being undertaken by the participating countries and the OECD Secretariat. The objectives of the review are to examine how the organisation, financi...

The Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) mark a historic and eff ective method of global mobilisation to achieve a set of important social priorities worldwide. They express widespread public concern about poverty, hunger, disease, unmet schooling, gender inequality, and environmental degradation. By packaging these priorities into an easily understandable set of eight goals, and by establishing...