The upsurge of the outward direct investment (ODI) made by the Chinese firms in recent years is one of the main concerns among academic researchers and policy consultants targeting emerging market economies. In this paper, the focus for analysis is the internationalization and ODI initiated by Chinese private-owned enterprises (POEs). Starting with a check of key factors that shape the general ...

AIM The aim of this study was to interpret and validate a French version of the Oswestry disability index (ODI), using a cross-cultural validation method. The validity and reliability of the questionnaire was assessed in order to ensure the psychometric characteristics. METHOD The cross-cultural validation was carried out according to Beaton's methodology. The study was conducted with 41 pati...

This document discusses verification and debug of high-speed I/O using the on-die instrumentation (ODI) features of the Altera 28-nm Stratix® V device. In line with Moore's law, I/O technology trends continue to double in speed and data rates every two to three years. As the speed and data rates of I/Os increase, new verification and test challenges emerge. This white paper describes the challe...

Testing cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) for the presence of galactomannan (GM) antigen may help in diagnosing cerebral aspergillosis (CA). However, the use of the CSF GM test as a diagnostic test has been little studied. We evaluated its diagnostic performance by comparing the CSF GM optical density indexes (ODI) at different cutoffs in patients with probable and proven CA to those in patients withou...

As humans age, a characteristic pattern of widespread neocortical dendritic disruption coupled with compensatory effects in hippocampus and other subcortical structures is shown in postmortem investigations. It is now possible to address age-related effects on gray matter (GM) neuritic organization and density in humans using multishell diffusion-weighted MRI and the neurite-orientation dispers...

BACKGROUND There are very few data on objectively assessed long-term compliance with continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP). No single factor has been consistently identified as predictive of continued CPAP use. METHODS Adherence to and associations with objective CPAP use were examined in 639 of 3900 patients in whom CPAP treatment was started between 1994 and 2005. Kaplan-Meier survival...

background and purpose: decision-making process in thoracolumbar and lumbar burst fracture (tlbf) patients with thoracolumbar injury severity and classification score (tlics) > 4 is remained controversial. on the other hand, the question is whether that the oswestry disability index (odi) can be use to assess to clinical outcomes in these patients . we aimed to study the correlation between the...

STUDY DESIGN A translation, cross-cultural adaptation, and validation study. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to translate, adapt cross-culturally, and validate the Kannada version of the Oswestry Disability Index (ODI). SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA Low back pain is recognized as an important public health problem. Self-administered condition-specific questionnaires are important tools for...

To examine the relationship between sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) and blood pressure levels among Japanese men, we conducted a population-based cross-sectional study of 1,424 men aged 40-69 years in rural and urban communities. The 3% oxygen desaturation index (ODI) was selected as the indicator of SDB, representing the number of desaturation events per hour of recording time in which blood ...