Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is an aggressive cancer with a poor prognosis. Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) affect tumorigenesis by creating an environment primed for growth and invasion through the secretion of factors, including hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) and transforming growth factor β1 (TGFβ1). In the present study, the levels of α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), TGFβ1 a...

Resection of the oesophagus together with the bifurcation of the trachea has been performed in three patients with oesophageal carcinoma or mucoepidermoid carcinoma of bronchial origin. Two patients had an uneventful recovery and survived five and 10 months but one patient died in the immediate postoperative period from aspiration pneumonia and respiratory failure. There has been no report of c...

Between January, 1979 to August, 1990, 107 histologically proven cases of oesophageal carcinoma were seen. The ages of the patients ranged from 19-85 years (mean 55 +/- 14 years) with a male to female ratio of 1.2:1. Majority (70%) of the cases belonged to lower socioeconomic group and 56% were migrants from India. History of tobacco chewing or smoking was present in 78% cases. In 54%, the lesi...

BACKGROUND Although pernicious anaemia is an established risk factor for stomach cancer, data by anatomical subsite are not available. Moreover, a previous suggestion of a link to increased risk of oesophageal cancer needs further exploration. METHODS We followed 21 265 patients hospitalised for pernicious anaemia in Sweden from 1965 to 1999 for an average of 7.1 years. Standardised incidence...

BACKGROUND The outcome of different palliative regimens was investigated in patients with incurable oesophageal carcinoma identified during surgical exploration. PATIENTS AND METHODS Between January 1992 and December 2002, 203 patients with oesophageal cancer underwent surgery after a standard staging procedure including computer tomography and endoscopic ultrasonography. The data from 78 pat...

Figure 1. The increase in the incidence of adenocarcinoma in the US over the past several decades.Dashed line: all oesophageal cancers, in all races, men and women; dotted line: squamous cell carcinoma in Caucasian men; solid line: adenocarcinoma in Caucasian men. Data from Spechler and Ries et al. INTRODUCTION Oesophageal cancer is one of the most lethal forms of gastrointestinal (GI) cancer w...

Oesophageal cancer (OC) is the seventh most common malignancy worldwide, and there are few effective treatment options for advanced OC. Fluoropyrimidine platinum-based chemotherapy has been standard first-line oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) but survival outcomes poor. Therefore, a need to develop new, more drugs. Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have emerged as new several malign...

Oesophageal squamous carcinoma (ESCC) is one of the most lethal human malignancies worldwide, especially in China, due to its late-stage diagnosis, chemoradiotherapy resistance, and lack appropriate therapeutic targets corresponding formulations. In article number 2200251, Bing Jiang co-workers review latest genomics, diagnostics, etiology, researches ESCC provide a comprehensive discussion see...

AIMS To examine CD44H and CD44v3 expression in normal gastric and small bowel mucosa, normal and Barrett oesophagus, and oesophageal epithelial malignancies (squamous cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma). METHODS Ninety five specimens, comprised of 40 of normal oesophageal, gastric and small bowel mucosa, 22 of Barrett oesophagus (two with dysplastic changes), 20 of resected adenocarcinomas, an...

structure of the epidermis of those areas of skin subject to tylosis, and we suggest that both tissues may be responsive to the same functional requirement-namely, the need to provide resistance to mechanical friction. Human epidermis can be classified into "thick" and "thin" types.3 Thick skin is found most characteristically on the palms and soles, and relative to thin skin it has a thicker s...