THE CITY OF COLOMBO , which has a resident population of little over half a million, and a total area of 3731 hectares, is administered by a Municipal Council. The collection and disposal of solid waste generated within the City is a function of the Municipal Council, and is carried out by its six district offices. The Colombo Municipal Council (CMC) collects around 500 metric tons of solid was...

Mispah form (FAO: Lithosol) soil contaminated with >380 000 mg kg−1 creosote was co-composted with cattle manure and mixed vegetable waste for 19 months. The soil was mixed with wood chips to improve aeration and then mixed with cattle manure or mixed vegetable waste in a ratio of 4:1. Moisture, temperature, pH, ash content, C:N ratios, and the concentrations of creosote in the compost systems ...

Carbon dioxide production during composting of agro-waste can be taken as the indicator of rate, progress and termination of compost phenomenon and stabilization of organic matter, leading to a balanced compromise between complexity of mathematical model and extensive experimentation. Modeling and simulation of composting of agro-wastes based on experimentally measured carbon dioxide production...

organic fraction of solid waste, which upon degradation produces foul smell and generates pathogens, if not properly managed. composting is not a method of waste disposal but it is a method of waste recycling and used for agricultural purposes. an integrated approach of composting methodology was tested for municipal solid waste management. solid waste first was composted and after 22 days, was...

Agricultural operations generate large quantities of manure which must be eliminated in a manner that is consistent with public health guidelines. Meanwhile, construction and demolition waste makes up about 25% of total solid municipal waste. Co-composting of manure with construction and demolition waste offers a potential means to make manure safe for soil amendment and also divert constructio...

An environmental assessment of the management of organic household waste (OHW) was performed from a life cycle perspective by means of the waste-life cycle assessment (LCA) model EASEWASTE. The focus was on home composting of OHW in Denmark and six different home composting units (with different input and different mixing frequencies) were modelled. In addition, incineration and landfilling was...

Due to initiatives such as the clean development mechanism (CDM), reducing greenhouse gas emissions for a developing country can offer an important route to attracting investment in a variety of qualifying project areas, including waste management. To date CDM projects have been largely confined to schemes that control emission from landfill, but projects that avoid landfilling are beginning to...

Waste management planners and engineers are sometimes faced with questions of how much land, equipment, labor, and investment is required for a proposed composting operation. The numerous factors that impact process design and costs such as type of materials composted, location of facility, cost of labor, etc. make it tedious to make these assessments quickly. To address this situation, a user-...

Our earlier experiments in small composters (220 l) indicated the favourable effect of ash from co-incineration of sorted dry waste on the composting of catering waste. The aim of this new study was to clarify further, at a scale of 10 m3, the feasibility of using similar ash as an additive in composting. Source-separated catering waste was mixed with bulking agent (peat and wood chips) and fue...

On-site composting is examined as an alternative method of organic waste disposal in San Francisco Bay Area restaurants. Since 74% of an average restaurant’s waste stream is compostable material, composting and reuse of organic material would redirect a significant portion of the waste stream from landfills. Economic, ecological, and social costs and benefits of three methods of organic waste d...