Many foodborne outbreaks of enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli O157:H7 infection have been associated with the consumption of contaminated vegetables. On-farm contaminations through contaminated manure or irrigation water application were considered likely sources of the pathogen for several outbreaks. Field studies were done to determine the survival of E. coli O157:H7 on two subterranean crop...

Antimicrobial activity of different concentrations (50, 100, 200, 300 and 500ml/l) of essential oil extracts of three type of onions (green, yellow and red) and garlic against two bacteria, Staphylococcus aureus, Salmomella Enteritidis, and three fungi, Aspergillus niger, Penicillium cyclopium and Fusarium oxysporum, was investigated. The essential oil (EO) extracts of these Allium plants (garl...

Onions can be stored for six months or longer at recommended storage conditions of 0° C and 6570% relatively humidity (RH) (Hardenburg, et al., 1986). Under low humidity storage, onions can suffer substantial moisture loss resulting in reduced salable product. However, under high humidity, onions may develop blue and black mold as well as soft rot caused by spp, , and , respectively. Corona dis...

We introduce and investigate targeting adversaries who selectively aŠack users of Tor or other secure-communication networks. We argue that aŠacks by such adversaries are more realistic and more signi€cant threats to those most relying on Tor’s protection than are aŠacks in prior analyses of Tor security. Previous research and Tor design decisions have focused on protecting against adversaries ...

Tor onion services, also known as hidden services, are anonymous servers of unknown location and ownership that can be accessed through any Torenabled client. They have gained popularity over the years, but since their introduction in 2002 still suffer from major usability challenges primarily due to their cryptographically-generated non-memorable addresses. In response to this difficulty, in t...

This review outlines the potential for developing a reliable transformation system for onions (Allium cepa). A summary of the onion tissue culture literature is presented along with descriptions of the gene transfer systems available. The most suitable regulatory sequences and selective genes that could be used for onion transformation are described, together with the problems which may be enco...