Introduction The creation of high fidelity scenarios for disaster simulation is a major challenge for a number of reasons. First, the maps supplied by existing map providers (e.g., Ordnance Survey,1 TeleAtlas) tend to provide only road or building shapes and do not accurately model open spaces which people use to evacuate buildings, homes, or industrial facilities (e.g. the space around a stadi...

Tits buildings ∆Q(G) of linear algebraic groups G defined over the field of rational numbers Q have played an important role in understanding partial compactifications of symmetric spaces and compactifications of locally symmetric spaces, cohomological properties of arithmetic subgroups and S-arithmetic subgroups of G(Q). Curve complexes C(Sg,n) of surfaces Sg,n were introduced to parametrize b...

By increasing house demand for living, the urban development planning has turned to towers, which provides a platform for the growth of the city, regardless of the traditional Iranian's architecture. Among the vital elements in traditional architecture, there are a variety of open and semi-open spaces such as the central courtyard, pool, veranda, balcony, etc that have been provided the needs f...

In this article, we explain how spherical Tits buildings arise naturally and play a basic role in studying many questions about symmetric spaces and arithmetic groups, why Bruhat-Tits Euclidean buildings are needed for studying S-arithmetic groups, and how analogous simplicial complexes arise in other contexts and serve purposes similar to those of buildings. We emphasize the close relationship...

there are several courtyards of historical buildings in iran that have changed their original function because of reuse and have adopted for physical adjustments of the renovation projects. usually they are covered by lightweight roofsand have been used as religious spaces, praying or audience halls, restaurants, exhibitions rooms, etc. unfortunately most of these lightweight roofs have inappro...

This study aims to clarify the relationship between buildings and attached rooftop green space from viewpoint of degree openness, chronological characteristics. Some 1,304 spaces developed by 2020 were collected monthly magazine "Shin-Kenchiku (New Architecture)" specialized books classified into three categories openness such as full open, limited open closed public, cross tabulation indicator...

urban design and landscape architecture are considered as modern art (knowledge) which are developed through integration of various art and science fields of studies. formal emergence of urban design in 60s and landscape design is occurred at the beginning of 20th century. the success of these two fields is because of their attention to environmental qualities upgrade in public and open spac...

In this paper, we introduce our approach as well as examples of realizations for situated interaction in the context of future work environments. These environments will be populated with a range of smart artefacts. The artefacts and their mutual interaction are designed to facilitate awareness and notification as well as informal communication. They constitute examples of our approach to devel...