In the present study single channel operational amplifier IS-OU1 with 15 V supply voltage (open loop gain ~100-110 dB) design is based on n-p-n type bipolar transistors has been developed. It shown that proposed macromodel sufficiently describes behaviour of amplifier. established obtained electrical parameters characteristics have good agreement requirements. Consequently can be applied in ind...

Classical reliability assessment methods have predominantly focused on probability and statistical theories, which are insufficient in assessing the operational reliability of individual mechanical equipment with time-varying characteristics. A new approach to assess machinery operational reliability with normalized lifting wavelet entropy from condition monitoring information is proposed, whic...

Energy is a key issue for Portugal, it is responsible for the higher part of its imports and since almost 30% of Portuguese energy is generated in power stations it is also responsible for high CO2 emissions. Between 1995 and 2005 Portuguese GNP rise 28%, however the imported energy in the same period increased 400%, from 1500 million to 5500 million dollars. As to the period between 2005 and 2...