BACKGROUND While nonmedical use of opioids and psychiatric disorders are prevalent in the population, little is known about the temporal ordering between nonmedical opioid use and dependence and psychiatric disorders. METHOD Data were gathered in a face-to-face survey of the United States conducted in the 2001-2002 (NESARC wave 1). Participants were household and group quarters residents aged...

IMPORTANCE Since 1999, the United States has experienced increases in morbidity and mortality associated with nonmedical use of prescription opioids. OBJECTIVE To assess national trends in and characteristics of nonmedical prescription opioid use and use disorders and the national trend in related mortality. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS Prevalence of nonmedical use and use disorders an...

Abstract Background:In general, parental substance abuse is associated with children's emotional and behavioral problems. This study only investigated the internalizing problems (depression, anxiety and physical complains) in children of opioid or heroin-dependent parents in comparison with non-opioid dependent parents in order to determine the effects of drug dependency after exclu...

This review is the result of searches for the terms opioid/opioid-related-disorders and death/ADE done in the PubMed database. This bibliography includes selected articles from the 1,075 found by searching during May, 2008, which represent key findings in the study of opioids. Articles for which there is no abstract are excluded. Also case reports and initial clinical trial reports are excluded...

Opioid use disorders and overdose have become a major public health concern in recent years. U-47700, New psychoactive substances (NPS) opioid, also known as “pinky” or “pink” has been identified new threat the drug supply because of its potency abuse potential. Conjugate vaccines that can produce antibodies against target molecules emerged promising tool to treat substance disorders. Herein, w...

OBJECTIVE This study compares the likelihood of suicidal ideation and suicide attempt across stages of nonmedical prescription opioid use and by presence of prescription opioid disorders (dependence and/or abuse) among adult respondents. METHOD In the 2009 National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 37,933 adult respondents were asked if they had thought about suicide or had attempted suicide in ...

Introduction: Most of our knowledge regarding the link between opioid dependence and poor cognitive functioning is derived from cross sectional studies.This longitudinal study measured the change in memory functioning following complete abstinence among individuals with heroin dependence. Methods: Using a before-after design,this study followed 30 adults ...

population pattern in guilan province represents a dramatic increase in youth population. regarding high prevalence of substance use among them, its destructive effects and consequences and paucity of previous related studies, this research was performed to determine the prevalence of substance use among students of guilan university of medical sciences (gums). we conducted a cross-sectional st...

Delta opioid receptors are implicated in a variety of psychiatric and neurological disorders. These receptors play a key role in the reinforcing properties of drugs of abuse, and polymorphisms in OPRD1 (the gene encoding delta opioid receptors) are associated with drug addiction. Delta opioid receptors are also involved in protecting neurons against hypoxic and ischemic stress. Here, we first e...

background : the existing evidence about the clinical situations of the bipolar patients with opioid dependence is scarce. the present study was carried out to compare the clinical features and course of the bipolar disorder type i regarding the two subgroups of opioid dependent and non-dependent. methods : there were 178 adult patients with bipolar disorder type i consecutively referred to the...