This paper analyzes the capital structure of a firm in an infinite time horizon following [30] under the more general hypothesis that the firm’s assets value process belongs to a fairly large class of stochastic volatility models. By applying singular perturbation theory, we fully describe the (approximate) capital structure of the firm in closed form as a corrected version of [30] and analyze ...

The COVID-19 pandemic that occurs in the world has a negative impact on economy and makes various businesses make adjustments to their business. This also an PT MDS. By end of 2021, economic conditions have improved are preparing re-develop businesses. MDS, which had previously closed several its outlets, is reopen 12-15 outlets per year. opening new carried out by company aimed at developing H...

As financial markets become more global, the question arises whether any country specific considerations are still relevant for insurance companies’ capital structure. This research examines this question with firm-level data across a broad range of countries including those in developing markets. What we find is that the optimal capital structure of insurance companies is not homogeneous acros...

We explore the significance of employee compensation and alternative (reservation) income on investment timing, endogenous default, yield spreads and capital structure. In a real-options setting, a manager’s incentive to under(over)invest in a project is associated to labor income he has to forego in order to work on the project, the manager’s salary, his stake on the project’s equity capital a...

This paper investigates the effect of managerial flexibility on the choice of capital structure for a firm and the corresponding valuation of its long term debt. We consider a general model in continuous time where the manager (who is not a shareholder) of a firm with long term debt in place may dynamically switch strategies at random times so as to maximize his expected discounted compensation...

This article uses a contingent-claims valuation method to compare debt financing, investment, and risk choices of a firm adopting the second-best strategy with those of a firm adopting the first-best strategy. The former bears the agency costs, as conjectured by Jensen and Meckling (1976) and Myers (1977), because it chooses suboptimal investment timing and risk levels, while the latter is able...

A binomial lattice based framework for the analysis of finite investment options with finite operational phase is developed. Solutions for European and American type finite horizon investment options with optimal capital structure and a multi-stage investment setting with multiple debt issues are discussed. The analysis shows that optimal leverage ratios are not affected by option moneyness at ...

One should recognise that, in contrast to a corporate firm, there is an underlying problem in assessing the capital structure of a bank. This problem rests mainly on the lack of clarity on how one could define, let alone determine, the location of the optimal. The reason for this is rooted in the differences in the ways the two types of organisations operate. For instance, while a corporate fir...

We thank an anonymous referee, an Associate Editor, Gurdip Bakshi, and Jay Huang for their valuable comments and suggestions. We also thank Henry Cao, Hua He, Hayne Leland, Mark Rubinstein, and Matt Spiegel for their advice on an earlier version where a static model was developed. Abstract This paper develops a model in which an optimal capital structure and an optimal debt maturity are jointly...