Parental encouragement is the most pivotal factor in contributing the life of present generation. This is because the norms of society are learned by the child , first in the family and then at school. The major objective of the present investigation was to study and compare the parental encouragement and optimistic and pessimistic attitude of adolescents in relation to their locality. A sample...

We provide an evolutionary foundation to evidence that in some situations humans maintain optimistic or pessimistic attitudes towards uncertainty and are ignorant to relevant aspects of the environment. Players in strategic games face Knightian uncertainty about opponents’ actions and maximize individually their Choquet expected utility. Our Choquet expected utility model allows for both an opt...

Linguistic negation processing is a challenging problem studied by a large number of researchers from different communities, i.e. logic, linguistics, etc. We are interested in finding the positive interpretations of a negative sentence represented as ”x is not A”. In this paper, we do not focus on the single set of translations but on two approximation sets. The first one called pessimistic cor...

This paper studies scheduling of inbound trucks at the inbound doors of a cross-dock facility under truck arrival time uncertainty. Arrival time of an inbound truck is considered to be unknown. In particular, the cross-dock operator only acknowledges the arrival time window of each truck, i.e., the lower and upper bounds of any inbound truck’s arrival time. In absence of any additional informat...

We de…ne pessimistic, respectively optimistic, investors as CEU (Choquet expected utility) decision makers who update their pessimistic, respectively optimistic, beliefs according to a pessimistic (Dempster-Shafer), respectively optimistic, update rule. This paper then demonstrates that, in contrast to optimistic investors, pessimistic investors may strictly prefer investing in an illiquid asse...

It is notoriously challenging to achieve parallel software systems that are both scalable and reliable. Parallel runtime support—such as multithreaded record & replay, data race and atomicity violation detectors, transactional memory, and support for stronger memory models—helps achieve these goals, but existing commodity solutions slow programs substantially in order to capture (track or contr...

Optimism bias and positive attention bias have important highly similar implications for mental health but have only been examined in isolation. Investigating the causal relationships between these biases can improve the understanding of their underlying cognitive mechanisms, leading to new directions in neurocognitive research and revealing important information about normal functioning as wel...

Rough sets, introduced by Pawlak as a model to capture impreciseness in data have been a very useful tool in several applications. These basic rough sets are defined by taking equivalence relations over a universe. In order to enhance the modeling powers of rough sets, several extensions to the basic definition has been introduced over the past few years. Extending the single granular structure...

Most software transactional memories employ optimistic concurrency control. A pessimistic semantics, however, is not without its benefits: its programming model is often much simpler to reason about and supports the execution of irreversible operations. We present a programming model that supports both optimistic and pessimistic concurrency control semantics. Our pessimistic transactions, guara...