This paper investigates bilevel optimization models for demand response management, and highlights the often overlooked consequences of a common modeling assumption in field. That is, overwhelming majority existing research deals with so-called optimistic variant problem where, case multiple optimal consumption schedules consumer (follower), chooses an schedule that is most favorable electricit...

We address the issue of deriving a semantically equivalent optimistic computation from a pessimistic computation by application-independent transformations. Computations are modeled by program dependence graphs (pdgs). The semantics of a computation is de-ned by a mapping from an initial state to a nal state, and is realized by a graph rewriting system. Semantics-preserving transformations are ...

In this paper, the researchers have proposed a multi-dimensional knapsack model for project capital budgeting problem in uncertain situation which has been modeled through fuzzy sets. The optimistic and pessimistic situations were considered and associated deterministic models were yielded. Numerical example has been supplied toillustrate the performance of proposed model. The results were prom...

This paper deals with approaches to the granular space reductions in the variable precision multigranulation rough set model. The main objective of this study is to extend four kinds of the granular space reductions called a tolerance relations optimistic multigranulation  ower approximation distribution reduction, a tolerance relations optimistic multigranulation  upper approximation distrib...

Received academic wisdom holds that human judgment is characterized by unrealistic optimism, the tendency to underestimate the likelihood of negative events and overestimate the likelihood of positive events. With recent questions being raised over the degree to which the majority of this research genuinely demonstrates optimism, attention to possible mechanisms generating such a bias becomes e...

There is an abundant literature in finance on overconfidence, however there exists a different psychological trait well known to financial practitioners and psychologists [see Hilton at al. (2004)] which is optimism. This trait has received little attention. Our paper analyses the consequences of optimism and pessimism on financial markets. We develop a general model of optimism/pessimism where...

Two university varsity swimming teams took the Attributional Style Questionnaire (ASQ) at the start of the season. Swimmers with a pessimistic explanatory style wellt on to show more unexpected poor performances during competition titan optimistic swimmers. We then tested the purported mechanism of this effect by experimentally simulating defeat, giving each swimmer falsely negative' times. Per...

Parental encouragement is the most pivotal factor in contributing the life of present generation. This is because the norms of society are learned by the child , first in the family and then at school. The major objective of the present investigation was to study and compare the parental encouragement and optimistic and pessimistic attitude of adolescents in relation to their locality. A sample...

We provide an evolutionary foundation to evidence that in some situations humans maintain optimistic or pessimistic attitudes towards uncertainty and are ignorant to relevant aspects of the environment. Players in strategic games face Knightian uncertainty about opponents’ actions and maximize individually their Choquet expected utility. Our Choquet expected utility model allows for both an opt...