The development of efficient and commercially viable bioprocesses is essential for reducing the need for fossil-derived products. Increasingly, pharmaceuticals, fuel, health products and precursor compounds for plastics are being synthesized using bioprocessing routes as opposed to more traditional chemical technologies. Production vessels or reactors are required for synthesis of crude product...

Synchronous oscillation of membrane potentials, generated by assemblies of neurons, is a prominent feature in the olfactory systems of many vertebrate and invertebrate species. However, its generation mechanism is still controversial. Biogenic amines play important roles for mammalian olfactory learning and are also implicated in molluscan olfactory learning. Here, we investigated the role of s...

introduction: studying long-term trend changes of meteorological parameters is one of the routine methods in atmospheric studies, especially in the climate change subject. among the meteorological parameters, temperature is always considered as one of the most atmospheric elements and studying it in order to gain a better understanding of the climate change phenomenon, has been effective. in ad...

The cellular basis of reactive oxygen intermediate-induced arrhythmias was investigated in isolated rabbit ventricular cells using the whole-cell voltage- and current-clamp techniques. Singlet oxygen and superoxide were generated by the photoactivation of rose bengal. Single ventricular cells exposed to rose bengal (10-100 nM) exhibited spontaneous membrane potential fluctuations at plateau pot...

Squid axons impaled with a microelectrode have been treated with concentrations of xylene and benzene such that there is no change in threshold or resting potential at 20 degrees C., while the spike height declines about 10 mv. A decrease in ambient temperature results in large, reversible, increases in threshold. While neither low temperature nor the added blocking agent induces repetitive fir...

In this article, we consider the problem of homogenising the linear heat equation perturbed by a rapidly oscillating random potential. We consider the situation where the space-time scaling of the potential’s oscillations is not given by the diffusion scaling that leaves the heat equation invariant. Instead, we treat the case where spatial oscillations are much faster than temporal oscillations...

Neurons with oscillatory properties are a common feature of the nervous system, but little is known about how neural oscillators shape the behavior of neuronal networks or how network interactions influence the properties of neural oscillators. Mathematical models are used to examine the effect of electrically coupling an oscillatory neuron to a second neuron that is either silent or tonically ...

The purpose of this paper is to present an indirect boundary integral method for the oscillatory Stokes flow provided by the translational oscillations of two rigid spheres in an incompressible Newtonian fluid of infinite expanse. 1. Introduction. The study of oscillatory Stokes flows has a key role in the understanding of the biomechanics of blood flow, the Brownian motion, the motion of swimm...

Subthreshold (or membrane potential) resonance refers to the ability of neurons to exhibit a peak in their voltage amplitude response to oscillatory input currents at a preferred (resonant) frequency. Subthreshold (or membrane potential) phase-resonance refers to the ability of neurons to exhibit a zero-phase (or zero-phase-shift) response to oscillatory inputs currents at a non-zero (phasereso...

Bone tissue engineering provided a promising approach for treatment of large bone defects resulting from maladies such as birth defects, trauma, or tumor resection. In vitro culture of a porous scaffold seeded with osteoprogenitor cells may enhance its bone regeneration potential. In this chapter, we describe the design of a novel perfusion bioreactor system with oscillatory flow for cultivatin...