Human adipose-derived stromal cells (hASCs) are a promising cell source for bone tissue engineering. However, before the clinical application of hASCs for the treatment of bone defects, key questions require answers, including whether pre-osteoinduction (OI) and flow cytometric cell purification are indispensible steps for in vivo bone formation by hASCs. In this study, hASCs were purified by f...

Vascular calcification is frequently found already in early stages of chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients and is associated with high cardiovascular risk. The process of vascular calcification is not considered a passive phenomenon but involves, at least in part, phenotypical transformation of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs). Following exposure to excessive extracellular phosphate concen...

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Introduction: There have been some reports that various types of hydroxyapatite, other calcium phosphate-based biomaterials, and porous titanium processed with alkali-heat treatment, had osteoinductivity in the muscles of dogs, sheep, pigs, and primates. The mechanism of material-induced osteoinduction has not been well understood. In particular, little has not been known about the reason why o...

INTRODUCTION: The majority of interbody devices for spine fusion are PEEK. Other interbody devices use a rough 2D titanium surface or full porous titanium or tantalum cores, which have been shown in-vitro and in-vivo to promote osteoinduction and osteointegration, respectively. Combining the increased osteogenic environment that titanium provides and the minimized subsidence and radiolucency fr...

Bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) are a family of bone matrix polypeptides which have been isolated from a variety of mammalian species, including man. BMPs initiate chondroblastic differentiation in pluripotent mesenchymal progenitor cells, followed by the synthesis of new bone by enchondral ossification. BMPs have demonstrated the ability to induce healing of osteoperiosteal defects in sever...