background and purpose: with regards to the importance of women’s beliefs in improving pregnancy outcomes, this study was performed to determine the perceived internal control on future pregnancy outcomes and its related factors in women who participated in pre‑marital counseling. materials and methods: in a cross‑sectional study, women’s perceived internal control was investigated. the study p...

Labour productivity affects food security, but quantifying this relationship has been scarce with respect to empirical literature. The Central Madagascar dataset explores the influence of labour productivity and related variables on the food security status of cassava farmers. Drawing on both theory and empirical evidence, this paper argues that fundamental effects of links between labour produ...

We estimate models of employment an earnings for a sample of white and non-white male immigrants drawn from the Labour Force Survey between 1993 and 2004. Immigrants who arrived to enter the labour market (labour market entrants) are distinguished from those who arrived to complete their education (education entrants). Diverse patterns of labour market assimilation are found depending on ethnic...

The continuing low employment rates and general labour market disadvantage of Indigenous Australians have been well documented (Altman & Nieuwenhuysen 1979; Daly 1995; Hunter 2004a). However, our understanding of the reasons for this labour market disadvantage is constrained by the limited data available for the Indigenous population. This lack of understanding hampers the development of labour...

Poles Apart? EU Enlargement and the Labour Market Outcomes of Immigrants in the UK The UK was one of only three countries to allow migrants from accession countries to enter their labour markets more or less without restriction following EU enlargement in May 2004. Therefore, it is important to establish the characteristics and labour market performance of migrants from these countries who have...

Both Canada and the countries of Latin America are in the midst of major choices and changes in the area of labour markets and related social policy. The decisions they make are or will be of potentially major significance for several reasons. First, important policy reforms are being implemented or are under consideration because of the belief, shared by many economists, that a number of exist...

BACKGROUND Continuous electronic fetal heart rate monitoring in labour is widely used but its potential for improving fetal and neonatal outcomes has not been realised. The most likely reason is the difficulty of interpreting the fetal heart rate trace correctly during labour. Computerised interpretation of the fetal heart rate and intelligent decision-support has the potential to deliver this ...

BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to compare maternal labour and birth outcomes between women who gave birth on a birth seat or in any other position for vaginal birth and further, to study the relationship between synthetic oxytocin augmentation and maternal blood loss, in a stratified sample. METHODS A re-analysis of a randomized controlled trial in Sweden. An on-treatment analysis was u...

This paper considers the impressive employment and unemployment performance of the United States over the past two decades, and the contrasting high unemployment experienced by most other OECD nations over the same period. It concludes that the multiple dimensions of US labour market flexibility have helped to produce strong labour market outcomes. However, the paper also documents the large in...

Objective To determine neonatal outcomes (perinatal mortality and special care unit admission) and maternal outcomes (mode of delivery, delivery complications) of elective induction of labour compared with expectant management. Design Retrospective cohort study using an unselected population database. SettingConsultant andmidwife led obstetric units in Scotland 1981-2007. Participants 1 271 549...