-In this paper, the transient forced convective condensing flow of a gas through a packed bed is analyzed. The model developed for this analysis does not employ any local thermal equilibrium assumption between the solid and the fluid phases. Inertial as well as viscous effects are considered in the vapor phase momentum equation by using the Ergun-Forchheimer relation. Thermal charging of the pa...

Packed-bed bioreactors are often used for aerobic solid-state fermentation, since the forced aeration supplies O2 and removes metabolic heat from bed. Motivated by potential applications in biorefineries, we review studies conducted on packed-bed over last decade, evaluating insights these provide into how large-scale packed beds should be designed operated. Many have low superficial air veloci...

For a packed bed in a distillation column, fmax is the maximum fractional liquid maldistribution that can be tolerated in a parallel column model whilst still being able to achieve the design separation. It was previously shown that fmax can be easily calculated from a conventional column simulation output and it is a measure of the sensitivity of a packed bed to maldistribution. In this paper,...