p s t m w t n p a g e r t A procedure to calculate probability limits for the inference that the absence of a taxon from a woodrat (Neotoma) midden implies bsence from the paleolandscape uses paired samples of modern egetation communities and paired samples of paleocommunities. ssumptions are: (1) each member of a sample pair is an indeendent measure of the same vegetation assemblage; (2) behav...

MOTIVATION Recent technology platforms in proteomics and genomics produce count data for quantitative analysis. Previous works on statistical significance analysis for count data have mainly focused on the independent sample setting, which does not cover the case where pairs of measurements are taken from individual patients before and after treatment. This experimental setting requires paired ...

Objectives: To study the biometric dimensions of upper front teeth in a Hong Kong SAR population including gender differences and compare this with often recommended use Golden Proportion when selecting tooth proportions. Methods: A sample dental casts was obtained from 100 patients: 50 females males an age range 18 to 35 years. The selected based on criteria intact maxillary anterior arches, f...

The purpose of research is to know about the effect assertive behavior depression on diabetes mellitus patients. This study used pre-experimental design with ao ne-group pre-post test t design. sample 1 7 people selected by purposive sampling technique. results showed that category before being given treatment mostly in moderate as many (64.7%), and after a decrease number be 9 ( 52.9 %). this ...

An improved method for extraction and analysis of tiamulin is presented to address issues that arose during routine analysis of Type C medicated swine feeds under the current U.S. Food and Drug Administration-Center for Veterinary Medicine (FDA-CVM) approved method. The issues included the need for higher sample throughput and the ability to accommodate a wider variety of feed matrixes. Changes...

The present study aimed to examine the impact of first time users of amplification devices by participants having presbycusis on tinnitus. Pure tone Audiometry along with immittance audiometry and speech Audiometry was carried out. The Tinnitus handicap inventory (THI) questionnaire, developed by Newman et al. (1996), was administered in all participants for pre and post hearing aid fitting con...

Researchers occasionally have to work with an extremely small sample size, defined herein as N ≤ 5. Some methodologists have cautioned against using the t-test when the sample size is extremely small, whereas others have suggested that using the t-test is feasible in such a case. The present simulation study estimated the Type I error rate and statistical power of the oneand two-sample ttests f...

Graphical and numerical illustrations of the effects of moderate to severe rounding of normal data on the values of test statistics, actual significance level, and power for one-sample t tests and paired t tests. Goodness-of-fit tests confirm that rounded normal data are not normal. Combinatorial computations, simulations, and graphs are made using R. The level of programming, exposition, and s...