OBJECTIVE The present study examined the effect of child gender and maternal depressive symptoms on routine supervisory practices of mothers longitudinally. METHOD Self-report supervision practices were obtained at various time points from 3 months through 3 years of age. RESULTS From 3 to 36 months, the quantity of time mothers reported supervising decreased from 7.1 to 6.3 hours, and the ...

Single-mother, single-father, and intact families from homes ranging from low to high supervision are compared to determine the effects of family structure and parent supervision on adolescent alcohol use, illicit drug use, and delinquency. Using adolescent self-reports, scores were derived for adolescent problem behaviors and rates of supervision by resident parent(s). Results indicate that su...

BACKGROUND In 2009, the Dutch Health Care Inspectorate (IGZ) observed several serious risks to safety involving medication within elderly care facilities. However, by 2011, high risks had been reduced in almost all the organisations we visited. And yet the IGZ analysed too the alarming increase in the number of incidents arising in the self-reported national indicator of medication safety betwe...

OBJECTIVE Thousands of American children are injured or killed each year as pedestrians, but behavioral factors in pedestrian injury etiology remain poorly understood. We examined the roles of children's individual differences (age, gender, and inhibitory control) and parental supervision in children's pedestrian behaviors. METHODS Using the pretend road method, a sample of 85 children and 26...

OBJECTIVE Inadequate parent supervision during the early adolescent years forecasts a host of conduct problems, including illicit alcohol consumption. Early pubertal maturation may exacerbate problems, because girls alienated from same-age peers seek the company of older, more mature youth. The current study examines overtime associations between parent autonomy granting and adolescent alcohol ...

BACKGROUND Survey research indicates that a surprising number of 12 to 14 year olds in North America engage in some form of paid work, and work-related injuries for this age group are reported at rates similar to older teens. Parents exhibit significant involvement in many aspects of their teens' work and may influence perceptions of work safety, yet few studies have explored this phenomenon fr...

Parental knowledge is a key protective factor for youths' risky behavior. Little is known about how longitudinal combinations of knowledge-related behaviors are associated with youths' substance use. This longitudinal study uses Latent Transition Analysis to identify latent patterns of parental knowledge-related behaviors occurring in mother-youth dyads during middle school and to investigate h...