The n-variable PARITY function is computable (by a well-known recursive construction) by AC0 formulas of depth d+ 1 and leafsize n·2dn . These formulas are seen to possess a certain symmetry: they are syntactically invariant under the subspace P of even-weight elements in {0, 1}, which acts (as a group) on formulas by toggling negations on input literals. In this paper, we prove a 2d(n−1) lower...

background: mammographic density has been recognized as a risk factor for breast cancer,  but  the  association between  potential  effective factors and  mammographic density has not been fully studied in asian women. we conducted a study to investigate the association of mammographic breast   density with several menstrual and reproductive characteristics. m ethods: screening  mammography  wa...

In this paper, some new approaches are presented to deal with the dilemma we are facing in using parity testing: (1) proposing a method of turning a parity untestable circuit into parity testable (2) presenting a scheme of replacing the exhaustive testing with nonexhaustive way. The parity testing may resume its spirits by using some new technologies including the way presented here. I. Parity ...

We formulate a parity-mixed coupled-cluster (PM-CC) approach for high-precision calculations of parity non-conserving amplitudes in mono-valent atoms. Compared to the conventional formalism which uses parity-proper (PP) one-electron orbitals, PM-CC method is built using (PM) orbitals. The PM orbitals are obtained by solving Dirac-Hartree-Fock equation with electron-nucleus electroweak interacti...

A new approach for encoding one class of quasi-cyclic low-density parity-check (QC-LDPC) codes is proposed. The proposed encoding method is applicable to parity-check matrices having dual-diagonal parity structure with single column of weight three in the parity generation region. Instead of finding the parity bits directly, the proposed method finds parity bits through vector correction. While...

The objective of the present study was to determine factors affecting body condition score (BCS) and its association with productive and reproductive performances in Holstein cows. Mixed model analysis was performed on monthly records of BCS from April 2006 to July 2012 comprising 34666 records from 3134 dairy cows in a large commercial dairy herd under arid climatic conditions of Isfahan in Ir...

Parity violation has been well established in particle physics for many years, since the 1950's where it was first seen in beta decay processes. The strong and electromagnetic forces are parity conserving, and the experimental evidence that parity was not conserved in weak processes came somewhat as a surprise. The weak forces are responsible for the decay of radioactive nuclei, and it was in t...

In this paper, we present an O(r n) algorithm for the linear matroid parity problem. Our solution technique is to introduce a modest generalization, the non-simple parity problem, and identify an important subclass of non-simple parity problems called 'easy' parity problems which can be solved as matroid intersection problems. We then show how to solve any linear matroid parity problem parametr...

The symmetry of Nature under a Space Inversion is described by a Parity operator. Contrary to popular belief, the Parity operator is not unique. The choice of the Parity operator requires several arbitrary decisions to be made. It is shown that alternative, equally plausible, choices leads to the definition of a Parity operator that is conserved by the Weak Interactions. The operator commonly k...