BACKGROUND AmBisome therapy for VL has an excellent efficacy and safety profile and has been adopted as a first-line regimen in Bangladesh. Second-line treatment options are limited and should preferably be given in short course combinations in order to prevent the development of resistant strains. Combination regimens including AmBisome, paromomycin and miltefosine have proved to be safe and e...

BACKGROUND Improved treatment approaches are needed for visceral leishmaniasis. We assessed the efficacy and safety of three potential short-course combination treatments compared with the standard monotherapy in India. METHODS Standard treatment (1 mg/kg amphotericin B infusion on alternate days for 30 days, total dose 15 mg/kg) was compared with three drug combinations (single injection of ...

Leishmaniasis is an important vector-borne disease, and it is classified as one of the most important tropical fly-borne infections. This disease can cause two types of clinical manifestations: cutaneous forms and visceral forms. Visceral leishmaniasis, which is also called kala-azar, is a very serious infection that can be fatal. The management of visceral leishmaniasis requires informed diagn...

Certain strains of Staphylococcus epidermidis resistant to the aminoglycoside antibiotics were shown to contain an enzyme that inactivates the kanamycins, neomycins, butirosins, paromomycin, gentamicin A, amikacin, and tobramycin by adenylylation. Tobramycin adenylyltransferase, as this enzyme is called, was found to be optimally active at pH 5.5. With paromomycin or neomycin Band C as substrat...

Paromomycin (PARO, synonym: aminosidine, Figure 1), a broad spectrum aminoglycoside antibiotic first isolated in 1956 from the fermentation of streptomyces[1], shows activity against both grampositive and gram-negative bacteria as well as some protozoa and cestodes. Although it is not used as an antibiotic any more, paromomycin has been approved since 2007 in India as an effective, well tolerat...

Antibiotic G-418 was shown to be superior to paromomycin and metronidazole in cecal amoebiasis. Of particular interest was the high degree of activity seen with a relatively short treatment at low levels. Although the antibiotic was trichomonacidal in vitro at low levels, in vivo results indicated that at levels tested the antibiotic did not always affect cures. The antibiotic appears to have p...

conclusions in general, it can be said that the application of nanoliposomal paromomycin sulfate formulations for topical treatment of the cutaneous leishmaniasis does not create serious side effects in the short term, but its long-term use leads to mild renal and liver side effects that requires more attention. background hepatotoxicity due to drugs is the most common cause of deaths. nephroto...

Endophytic bacteria are known to contain various bioactive substances. Pineapple peel (Ananas comosus L.) is a waste product utilized in environmental preservation. The present study focused on the isolation of endophytic from pineapple peel, and assessment their antibacterial activity. ethyl acetate extracts isolated were tested for activity using disc diffusion method. components bacterial ex...

Spermidine-deficient Saccharomyces cerevisiae cells are much more sensitive to paromomycin than nondeficient cells, resulting in cessation of growth and cell death.