Public clients’ decisions on the procurement and contracting of civil engineering projects have far-reaching effects development implementation innovations. Two decades ago, a trend towards use integrated contracts started to improve constructability stimulate However, for radical innovations, unilateral allocation innovation risks main contractor is undesirable since most associated are diffic...

This paper provides a new approach for pricing and hedging popular highly pathdependent equity-linked contracts. We illustrate our technique with two examples: the locally-capped contracts (a popular design on the exchange-listed retail investment contracts on the American Stock Exchange) and the Cliquet option (extensively sold by insurance companies). Wilmott [17] describes these types of con...

law department, ferdowsi university of mashhad the importance of the exploitation contracts protecting the literary and artistic rights has, in some legal systems like france, resulted in the devising of general and common regulations about the formation of the above-mentioned contracts. however, so far no independent section has been thought of in the iranian legal system for explicating commo...

Regulating farmers’ choice of agricultural production service (APS) contracts can help maintain the stability transactions, enhance efficiency, protect rights and welfare, stimulate healthy sustainable development organizations, promote economic benefits agriculture. Under uncertainty risk (RU), willingness to sign a regulated contract after purchasing APS is key factor in reaching an efficient...

A Many organizations consider outsourcing their information technology (IT) development projects as an attractive risk-mitigating approach. In such an engagement, the vendor may agree to complete a project for a fixed cost and according to a defined time schedule. Nevertheless, while the vendor is liable for the traditional project risks, other forms of risk may arise, which are the vend...

This article aims to study lease and hiring contract in the Iranian-Islamic setting and analyze the asymmetric information problem in these contracts. For doing this, we study the characteristics of lease and hiring contracts in Iran (real world experimental characteristics that recognized in other studies), using library method, then we mathematically model different aspects of asymmetric info...

Introduction Integrated care systems as well as accountable care organisations (ACOs) in the US and similar concepts in other countries are advocated as an effective method of improving the performance of healthcare systems. These systems outline a payment and care delivery model that intends to tie provider reimbursements to predefined quality metrics. By this the total costs of care shall be ...

Labor Market Pooling, Outsourcing and Labor Contracts Economic regions, such as urban agglomerations, face external demand and price shocks that produce income risk. Workers in large and diversified agglomerations may benefit from reduced wage volatility, while firms may outsource the production of intermediate goods and realize benefits from Chamberlinian externalities. Firms may also protect ...

A Financial Stability Fund set by a union of sovereign countries (e.g. the European Stability Mechanism) can improve countries’ ability to share risks, borrow and lend, with respect to the standard instrument: sovereign debt financing. Efficiency gains arise from the ability of the fund to offer long-term contingent financial contracts, subject to limited enforcement and moral hazard constraint...