A Fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) real-time reverse-transcription (rRT-PCR) assay was developed that distinguishes stains of South African and European highly pathogenic (HPAI) from low pathogenicity (LPAI) H5 avian influenza viruses in the absence of virus isolation, irrespective of the length of insertion at the hemagglutinin cleavage site (H0). The assay was used to pathotype H...

conclusions this study showed that the developed rrt-pcr assays are rapid, reliable, reproducible, specific, sensitive, and simple tools for detection of mers-cov. finally, a kit consisting of two assay signatures and controls was assembled, which can be distributed to public health laboratories in iran to support international mers-cov surveillance and public health response. results the upe a...

The aim of this study was to determine an infectious bronchitis (IB) infection, caused by Israel variant 2 (IS/1494/06)-like IBV, in a layer chicken flock regularly vaccinated with vaccines containing IBV H120 and 4/91 strains. Mild respiratory symptoms, drop egg production soft-shelled eggs eventually death were observed flock. Clinical samples from four diseased chickens examined for the dete...

during 2009-10, real time rt-pcr and conventional rt-pcr techniques used for detecting btvs rna in 310 blood samples. for real time and gel based rt-pcr segment-1 and segment-10 selected as conserve genes to search any btv strains. using these methods, 58 (%18.7) and 14 (%4.5) positive samples were detected among the clinically suspected sheep. sensitivity of both molecular techniques evalua...

Background & Objective:  A simple approach to prevent close contact in healthcare settings during the COVID-19 outbreak is to train patients to collect their own nasopharyngeal and oropharyngeal swabs and deliver them to medical laboratories to have them processed. The aim of our study was to c...

BACKGROUND Evaluation of two commercial lateral flow devices (LFDs) for avian influenza (AI) detection in H5N1 highly pathogenic AI infected poultry in Vietnam. OBJECTIVES Determine sensitivity and specificity of the LFDs relative to a validated highly sensitive H5 RRT PCR. METHODS Swabs (cloacal and tracheal) and feathers were collected from 46 chickens and 48 ducks (282 clinical specimens...

BACKGROUND Avian influenza viruses (AIVs) are endemic in wild birds and their introduction and conversion to highly pathogenic avian influenza virus in domestic poultry is a cause of serious economic losses as well as a risk for potential transmission to humans. The ability to rapidly recognise AIVs in biological specimens is critical for limiting further spread of the disease in poultry. The a...

Definitive diagnosis of foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) requires the detection of virus antigen or genome in clinical material. The aim was performance of real-time RT-PCR (rRT-PCR) procedures for this purpose. Twenty nine cattle samples of vesicular epithelial and nasal swabs from four localities of Ismailia governorates were examined by ELISA, VN, RT-PCR and rRT-PCR. The results showed that 11 s...

OBJECTIVE Examine differences in the detection of influenza by specimen and test type using paired nasal and nasopharyngeal swabs. DESIGN Prospective study SETTING Enrollment took place between January and March 2007 in a central Wisconsin population. PARTICIPANTS Adult patients were screened and enrolled by trained research coordinators following medical encounters for acute respiratory ...

Persistently infected (PI) cattle are the reservoir of bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV), yet data describing BVDV transient infections (TI) among non-PI populations are minimal. Study objectives consisted of: 1. Estimating the onset and duration of TI based on serum VI and rRT-PCR, and 2. Determination of the potential of TI cattle to shed BVDV. Two 21-day studies were performed where one PI ...