Acute lymphoblastic leukemia/lymphoma, the malignant transformation of T-cell or B-cell precursors, is the most common diagnosis in pediatric oncology. Precursor T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia/lymphoma commonly affects adolescents, and is associated with mediastinal mass in over half of the cases, with early dissemination to bone marrow, gonads and the central nervous system. We present a ...

Results ETV6/RUNX1 had a strong effect on overall survival after relapse (3-year survival= 64.7% for positive cases versus 46.5% for negative cases) (P=0.007). The 5-year cumulative incidence of relapse was 19.4% and testes were more frequently involved in ETV6/RUNX1-positive relapses (P=0.04). In 81.4% of cases the relapses were late, early combined or isolated extramedullary relapses. The 5-y...

In this study, we aimed to investigate the pathways of recognition of acute lymphoblastic leukemia blasts by natural killer cells and to verify whether differences in natural killer cell activating receptor ligand expression among groups defined by age of patients, or presence of cytogenetic/molecular aberrations correlate with the susceptibility to recognition and killing. We analyzed 103 newl...

Background                                               Pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is the most common, yet curable childhood malignancy within the pediatric cancers; but in most developed and developing countries cost of cancer treatment in children with ALL is high. So, we specified the range of expenses for the treatment of pediatric cancer and compared the results in devel...

This review will focus on pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia (pALL), highlighting risk factors, classification, presentation, risk group assignment and treatment stratification, treatment, outcome, and long-term consequences of therapy. Other forms of pediatric leukemia, such as acute and chronic myeloid leukemia are not reviewed. The reader is referred to several recent publications review...

The outcome for children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) has improved dramatically with current therapy resulting in an event free survival exceeding 75% for most patients. However significant challenges remain including developing better methods to predict which patients can be cured with less toxic treatment and which ones will benefit from augmented therapy. In addition, 25% of patie...

This study investigated Polo-like kinase 1, a mitotic regulator often over-expressed in solid tumors and adult hematopoietic malignancies, as a potential new target in the treatment of pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Polo-like kinase 1 protein and Thr210 phosphorylation levels were higher in pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia (n=172) than in normal bone marrow mononuclear cells (n=1...

The use of CAR-T cells will completely change the treatment many hematological diseases, including relapsed pediatric B-lineage acute lymphoblastic leukemia. This article is part Brazilian Society Bone Marrow Transplantation (SBTMO)’s “Technical manual cellular therapy” to guide physicians select patients and indicate in with Other aspects cell therapy management important toxicities are includ...

There is no consensus regarding how to manage osteonecrosis in pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia patients. Therefore, we performed a quality assessment of the literature with the result of a search strategy using the MESH terms osteonecrosis, children, childhood cancer, surgery, bisphosphonates, 6 hydroxymethyl-glutaryl CoA reductase inhibitors, anticoagulants and hyperbaric oxygen, and te...

Translocation of the LYL1 oncogene are rare in T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia, whereas the homologous TAL1 gene is rearranged in approximately 20% of patients. Previous gene-expression studies have identified an immature T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia subgroup with high LYL1 expression in the absence of chromosomal aberrations. Molecular characterization of a t(7;19)(q34;p13) in a ped...