Abstract Causal inference has attracted enormous attention in clinical neuroscience over the past years. The correct communication and interpretation of causal claims is crucial for researchers. In this review, we briefly introduced statistical basis terms potential outcome framework distinguished different interpretations experimental observational studies. Based on recent efforts formulating ...

While discussing a concrete controversial topic, most humans will find it challenging to swiftly raise a diverse set of convincing and relevant claims that should set the basis of their arguments. Here, we formally define the challenging task of automatic claim detection in a given context and discuss its associated unique difficulties. Further, we outline a preliminary solution to this task, a...

The notion of rights is ubiquitous in philosophical discourse. As Allen Buchanan put it over thirty years ago, ‘Future historians moral and political philosophy may well label our period the Age Rights’.1 This not only popular, but also complex. legal scholar W. N. Hohfeld famously suggested, are susceptible to multiple interpretations: they can be claims, liberties, powers, or immunities.2 Des...