Long waits online undermine users’ evaluations of Web sites and their providers, triggering abandonment behaviors. Yet e-business researchers and practitioners have not perfected mechanisms to respond to online wait issues. A filler interface that runs during the wait for search results may influence online users’ perceived waiting time (PWT); however, no scientific investigation has attempted ...

STUDY DESIGN Observational study. PURPOSE To cross-culturally translate the Orebro Musculoskeletal Pain Screening Questionnaire (OMPQ) into Persian and then evaluate its psychometric properties (reliability, validity, ceiling, and flooring effects). OVERVIEW OF LITERATURE To the authors' knowledge, prior to this study there has been no validated instrument to screen the risk of chronicity i...

A professional violinist in his early 60s, playing in a prestigious German orchestra for more than 20 years, presented to our institute because of a task-induced tremor in his right arm when playing the violin. We describe the phenomenology of this tremor and its treatment options and compare it to findings in primary writing tremor (PWT). We then discuss whether primary bowing tremor is an ent...

The Persian Gulf is known as the westernmost distribution limit for sea snakes, except for Hydrophis platurus (Linnaeus, 1766) that reaches southeastern Africa. Previous identification guides for sea snakes of the Persian Gulf and its adjacent waters in the Gulf of Oman were based on old data and confined mostly to written descriptions. Therefore, a series of field surveys were carried out in 2...

OBJECTIVE The Cardiff Acne Disability Index (CADI) assesses the impact of acne on a patients life. The aim of the present study was to translate the CADI into Persian language and to validate the Persian version. METHODS Using standard forward-backward translation, 2 bilinguals translated the CADI into Persian language. We back translated it into English and the final version was provided. We...

We propose a novel algorithm for English to Persian transliteration. Previous methods proposed for this language pair apply a word alignment tool for training. By contrast, we introduce an alignment algorithm particularly designed for transliteration. Our new model improves the English to Persian transliteration accuracy by 14% over an n-gram baseline. We also propose a novel back-transliterati...

BACKGROUND The menopause-specific quality-of-life (MENQOL) was developed as a specific tool to measure the health-related quality-of-life in menopausal women. Recently, it has been translated into about 15 languages. AIM This study was performed to develop the Persian version of the MENQOL questionnaire from the original English language version. SUBJECTS AND METHODS This was a cross-sectio...

The concept of "decent work", which was officially introduced to the literature by ILO in 1999, aims increase decent job opportunities employees whose working conditions are deteriorating day due globalization. Although it is seen that many issues related employment examined through film analysis literature, noteworthy there no study examine work via analysis. It believed this will fill gap lit...