Communicators are small handheld devices that combine the features of PDAs and palmtop computers with those of telephones. They are widely believed to be the next big wave of devices to gain market popularity with projected market penetration exceeding that of conventional desktop computers by more than an order of magnitude. Communicators pose special challenges to the design of user interface...

When I was a teenager in the late 1970s, there was no World-Wide Web, no Internet, and no IBM PC. But I, along with a small group of friends, became obsessed with computers: the TRS-80 and the Apple were the targets of our passion. Each time a new computer game was announced, we awaited its release with great anticipation: not because we wanted to kill the dragon or get to level 37, but because...

This study investigates the usage pattern and sources of assistance for personal computer (PC) users in twelve organizations. The study found that PCs attract new computer users and the extent of PC usage was correlated with prior computer knowledge. The most important reason for using PCs was for specific professional work. Although managers spend fewer hours than their staff using their PCs, ...

This paper looks at factors that influenced national investment in information technology during the tumultuous time period 1993 through 2002. Whereas spending from 1993-1997 was influenced by uncertainty avoidance and individualism, after 1998 these factors no longer influenced IT investment. Similar to studies of IT usage in the previous decade (1985-1995) we find that the structure of the ec...

We present here a collection of DNA sequence analysis programs, called "PC Sequence" (PCS), which are designed to run on the IBM Personal Computer (PC). These programs are written in IBM PC compiled BASIC and take full advantage of the IBM PC's speed, error handling, and graphics capabilities. For a modest initial expense in hardware any laboratory can use these programs to quickly perform comp...

In a computer system the integrity of lower layers is treated as axiomatic by higher layers Under the pre sumption that the hardware comprising the machine the lowest layer is valid integrity of a layer can be guaranteed if and only if the integrity of the lower layers is checked and transitions to higher layers occur only after integrity checks on them are complete The resulting integrity chai...

This paper examines the implementation and efficacy of impostor-based techniques on smallscreen devices, and compares their effectiveness with that of the same techniques when used on desktop computers. Firstly, a real-time computer game has been implemented on a Personal Digital Assistant (PDA), featuring animated humans in a virtual city. Secondly—in order to examine the potential of impostor...

Context. The problem of estimating the duration software development in Java for personal computers (PC) is important because, first, failed often main contributor to projects, second, a popular language, and, third, computer widespread multi-purpose computer. object study process PC. subject nonlinear regression models estimate PC.
 Objective. goal work build PC based on normalizing trans...