Cost-of-illness studies measure the economic burden of a disease and estimate the maximum amount that could potentially be saved or gained if a disease were to be eradicated. Direct medical costs and indirect costs are measured using top down and bottom up approaches Human Capital approach, Willingness-to-Pay (WTP) approach and Friction Costs approach respectively. The perspectives may measure ...

in promoting rational prescribing [4] or in clinical trials Introduction which incorporate an economic component. In some areas (e.g. Australia) economic evaluations are now formally Spending on drugs is a major target for savings in health care costs for governments around the world. Such a focus required prior to a drug being approved for reimbursement— the ‘fourth hurdle’ for a new drug afte...

1 Head of Health Economics and Pharmacoeconomics, The Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia, 2 Vice Dean for Integrated Academic Studies of Dentistry, The Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia, 3 The Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia, 4 Department for Orthodontics, The Faculty of Dent...

Abstract Pharmacoeconomics and outcomes research (PEOR) demonstrates the added value of health services and treatments and is used by a variety of individuals in numerous settings to optimize patient care. Currently, 51 PEOR fellowship programs are publicized on Web sites from organizations such as the American College of Clinical Pharmacy (ACCP), the International Society of Pharmacoeconomics ...