Introduction: In clinical trials, pharmacogenetic testing has been shown to improve outcomes in psychiatric patients. It is unclear if these improved outcomes translate into routine clinical practice. A significant impediment to evaluation of pharmacogenetics testing in routine practice has been a lack of quantifiable outcomes data. This study leverages longitudinal symptom evaluations using va...

The treatment of medical conditions with cannabis and cannabinoid compounds is advancing. Although there are numerous reports related to the genetic variations of the cannabinoid receptor, a lack of studies that examine the relationship between other pharmacogenetic markers and health outcomes currently exists. Herein, we advocate for the legalization of marijuana in the United States in order ...

AIM To determine the accuracy of international warfarin pharmacogenetic algorithms developed on large multiethnic cohorts (comprising more than 1000 subjects) to predict therapeutic warfarin doses in Turkish patients. MATERIALS & METHODS We investigated two Turkish warfarin-treated cohorts: patients with no history of hemorrhagic or thromboembolic event and patients with major and life-threat...

The growing interest in incorporating pharmacogenetics (PGx) into drug development and clinical practice raises several questions: which study designs best reveal relevant pharmacogenetic biomarkers, best clarify specific hypotheses in PGx, and result in the largest gain of clinical evidence in this field? In this review, we present and compare a variety of PGx-related study designs. The type a...

Individual drug responses are the result of interactions of multiple environmental and genetic factors. Pharmacogenetics studies the influence of genetic variation on interindividual differences in drug efficacy, adverse events and dosing. This article discusses general strategies for candidate gene selection and pharmacogenetic association studies. A summary of the major pharmacogenetic associ...

Countries in Africa have a high burden of communicable disease, and are experiencing an increase in non-communicable diseases due to the effects of globalization, industrialization and urbanization. The costs incurred through adverse drug reactions and non-responsiveness to therapy further aggravate the situation, and the application of pharmacogenetic principles is likely to provide some relie...

Patients using warfarin for oral anticoagulant therapy need to be frequently monitored because of warfarin's narrow therapeutic range and the large variation in dose requirements among patients. Patients receiving the wrong dose have an increased risk of bleeding or thromboembolic events. The required dose is influenced by environmental factors, such as gender, age, diet and concomitant medicat...

Human genetic variation is likely to be responsible for a substantial fraction of the variability in complex traits including drug response. Single nucleotide polymorphisms have been implicated in drug response using genome-wide association studies as well as candidate-gene approaches. A more comprehensive catalogue of human genetic variation should complement the current large-scale genotypic ...

The Pharmacogenetics Knowledge Base (PharmGKB; http://www.pharmgkb.org/) contains genomic, phenotype and clinical information collected from ongoing pharmacogenetic studies. Tools to browse, query, download, submit, edit and process the information are available to registered research network members. A subset of the tools is publicly available. PharmGKB currently contains over 150 genes under ...

UNLABELLED Genotype-guided warfarin dosing have been proposed to improve patient’s management. This study is aimed to determine whether a CYP2C9- VKORC1- CYP4F2-based pharmacogenetic algorithm is superior to a standard, clinically adopted, pharmacodynamic method. Two-hundred naïve patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation were randomized to trial arms and 180 completed the study. No signif...