The CMS detector at the CERN LHC features a silicon pixel as its innermost subdetector. original has been replaced with an upgraded system (CMS Phase-1 detector) in extended year-end technical stop of 2016/2017. is designed to cope higher instantaneous luminosities that have achieved by after upgrades accelerator during first long shutdown 2013–2014. Compared detector, better tracking performan...

T his series of articles continues with an analysis of PLL synthesizer design trade-offs. The simple single-loop PLL synthesizer approach exhibits various limitations and trade-offs. Thus, achieving a good performance combination (e.g., small step size and low phase noise) usually requires more sophisticated solutions. The common design trade-offs as well as various methods to improve synthesiz...

This paper investigates noncoherent detection in a two-way relay channel operated with physical layer network coding (PNC), assuming FSK modulation and short-packet transmissions. For noncoherent detection, the detector has access to the magnitude but not the phase of the received signal. For conventional communication in which a receiver receives the signal from a transmitter only, the phase d...

This paper presents a Low power phase frequency detector with charge pump for low power phase lock loop. The phase frequency detector with dead zone compensation has been proposed. The paper contains the detailed circuit diagram of PFD and charge pump with 1.8v power supply and 500MHz input frequency. The design has been realized using 0.18um CMOS technology. Keywords— Low Power, PLL, PFD, CP

A combination of high performance size exclusion chromatography with organic carbon detector and ultraviolet detector coupled with peak-fitting technique and fluorescence excitation-emission matrix spectrometry applied fluorescence regional integration method was conducted to determine the characteristics of organic matter during nitrification. The batch scale of bionet nitrification without or...