The repellent action of neem oil was evaluated against sand flies under laboratory and field conditions. Concentrations of 2% neem oil mixed in coconut or mustard oil provided 100% protection against Phlebotomus argentipes throughout the night under field conditions; against Phlebotomus papatasi it repelled sand flies for about 7 h in the laboratory. Neem oil is an indigenous product and a low-...

The monthly activity of sand flies, which are vectors of leishmaniasis, was studied from May to October 1997 in three regions (plains, mountainous, coastal) of the Sistan-Bluchistan Province using sticky paper traps. In each village, three houses were selected. 30 sticky traps were installed indoors (bedroom, guestroom, toilet, bathroom) and 30 were installed outdoors (rodent burrows, wall crac...

Phlebotomine sand flies were collected using CO2 baited CDC light trap in 2000 and 2001 in limestone areas and caves of western Malaysia. A total of 1,548 specimens were collected comprising 18 species from two genera: Phlebotomus (6 spp) and Sergentomyia (12 spp). Phlebotomus major major (38.9%) was the predominant species followed by Sergentomyia perturbans (20.1%), P. stantoni (15.3%) and ot...

Cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) is a neglected clinical form of public health importance that is quite prevalent in the northern and eastern parts of Egypt. A comprehensive study over seven years (January 2005-December 2011) was conducted to track CL transmission with respect to both sandfly vectors and animal reservoirs. The study identified six sandfly species collected from different districts ...

As a result of extensive surveys of sand flies carried out during 1987-90 in Thailand, species including a man-biter, Phlebotomus hoepplii, and cattle-biters, P. argentipes and P. major major, were discovered in Kanchanaburi Province. The human-baited catches revealed a low density of P. hoepplii and the biting occurred during 2100-2300 hours. Phlebotomus hoepplii was also found feeding on buff...

We studied the effects of various oils used to trap sand flies on the recovery of virus from infected adult Phlebotomus papatasi. Both Rift Valley fever and sandfly fever Sicilian viruses were readily recovered from virus-inoculated specimens held at 26 degrees C on mineral, olive or castor oil-soaked sheets for up to 12 h. However, after 50 h on oil-soaked paper, significantly greater titers w...

background phlebotomus papatasi and p. salehi are reported as vectors of cutaneous leishmaniasis in southeast of iran. seasonal activity of these species is different in zoogeographical zones and must be known well for better management of the disease. objectives to determine the nocturnal activity of sand flies and their leptomonad infection rates. materials and methods a cross-sectional study...

The two Old World genera, Phlebotomus and Sergentomyia, were both recorded in southern Anatolia in Turkey. Phlebotomus species predominated and comprised about 93% of the entire collection (3,172 specimens). Out of the sixteen species identified, two belonged to the genus Sergentomyia: S. dentata and S. theodori. The remaining fourteen species in the genus Phlebotomus were grouped under four su...