Calcium has been implicated as a regulatory factor in many physiological and pathophysiological processes in the renal cell. Under physiological conditions, the cytosolic free calcium concentration is maintained at approximately 100 nM. Most of the releasable cell Ca2+ resides in the nonmitochondrial compartments. In addition to the plasma membrane Ca2+ transport processes, there is a high-affi...

Tumour necrosis factor (TNF) is an important mediator of endotoxin-induced vascular collapse and other inflammatory reactions. Eicosanoids have been implicated in the pathogeensis of these responses. In order to explore further the potential interactions between TNF and eicosanoid metabolism in eliciting vascular responses, we studied the effects of TNF on the bovine endothelial cell line CPAE....

We demonstrate that lipidomics coupled with molecular dynamics reveal unique phospholipase A2 specificity toward membrane phospholipid substrates. We discovered unexpected headgroup and acyl-chain specificity for three major human phospholipases A2. The differences between each enzyme's specificity, coupled with molecular dynamics-based structural and binding studies, revealed unique binding si...

PURPOSE The aim of this study was to demonstrate the synthesis and cellular distribution of group II phospholipase A2 and lysozyme in the main and accessory lacrimal glands. METHODS The authors studied samples of normal main lacrimal glands of seven autopsied subjects and accessory lacrimal glands of eight patients who underwent ptosis surgery. The specimens were immunostained with a rabbit a...

The hydrolysis of radiolabelled Escherichia coli phospholipids, and micellar dispersions of phosphatidylethanolamine and phosphatidylcholine, were used to characterise the phospholipase A2 activity in synovial fluid from patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Cell free fractions of synovial fluid contain a phospholipase A2 enzyme that preferentially releases [14C]oleic acid from E coli biomembrane...

Ca2+-mobilizing agonists, including hormones, neurotransmitters and growth factors, cause profound changes in cellular lipid metabolism. These changes are initiated by receptormediated activation of various phospholipases including phospholipase A2, phospholipase C and phospholipase D. Phospholipase A2 hydrolyses several phospholipids including phosphatidylinositol, phosphatidylcholine (PtdCho)...

[3H]Spiperone specific binding by microsomal membranes isolated from sheep caudate nucleus is decreased by trypsin and phospholipase A2 (Vipera russeli), but is insensitive to neuraminidase. The inhibitory effect of phospholipase A2 is correlated with phospholipid hydrolysis. After 15 min of phospholipase (5 micrograms/mg protein) treatment, a maximal effect is observed; the maximal lipid hydro...

beta 1-Bungarotoxin consists of a phospholipase A2 subunit and a non-phospholipase A2 subunit. The toxin was oxidized with a 100-fold molar excess of chloramine T with respect to the methionine content of the protein in 0.1 M Tris/HCl at pH 8.5 and at room temperature. Reactivities of the two methionine (Met-6 and Met-8 of the phospholipase A2 subunit), five histidine, 14 tyrosine and one trypt...

The pharmacologic agents verapamil, nifedipine, diltiazem, prenylamine, N-oleoylethanolamine, R 24571, trifluoperazine, dibucaine, and quinacrine are examined as potential inhibitors of rat liver mitochondrial phospholipase A2 acting on endogenous phospholipid. Their potency as inhibitors of the enzyme is compared to their activities as inhibitors of phospholipase A2-dependent swelling and ruth...