Phrenic nerve trauma in the absence of direct injury is unusual and may present diagnostic difficulty. Diaphragmatic paralysis resulting from phrenic nerve injury may closely mimic diaphragmatic rupture. This case highlights the value of magnetic resonance imaging in establishing diaphragmatic integrity and of ultrasonographic assessment during respiratory excursion in confirming diaphragmatic ...

The isolated rat phrenic nerve/diaphragm preparation has proven to be a useful tool for examining neuromuscular transmission and function in vitro. This preparation allows for the simultaneous examination of direct phrenic nerve stimulation as well as direct muscle stimulation. While the isolated phrenic nerve/diaphragm has been extensively utilized (Bulbring, 1946; Tsai, 1985; Wali et al., 198...

Adenosine 2a (A2a) receptor agonists elicit persistent increases in phrenic nerve activity by transactivating the neurotrophin receptor, TrkB, near phrenic motoneurons. Our working model proposes that A2a receptor-mediated TrkB receptor activation strengthens glutamatergic synapses onto phrenic motoneurons. Activation of glutamate N-methyl d-aspartate (NMDA) receptors has been implicated in oth...

August 2007, Vol. 97, No. 8 SAMJ Phrenic nerve palsy (PNP) is often associated with Mycobacterium tuberculosis-related expansile pneumonia, possibly because of nerve entrapment by healing fibrosis. Mohan and Jayaswal1 postulated that pressure on the left phrenic nerve by an enlarged hilar lymph node caused unilateral diaphragmatic paralysis in a 6-year-old boy who developed PNP during the cours...

BACKGROUND Unilateral phrenic nerve injury often results in symptomatic hemidiaphragm paralysis, and currently few treatment options exist. Reported etiologies include cardiac surgery, neck surgery, chiropractic manipulation, and interscalene nerve blocks. Although diaphragmatic plication has been an option for treatment, the ideal treatment would be restoration of function to the paralyzed hem...

CHERNIACK, NEIL S., NORMAN H. EDELMAN, AND ALFRED P. FISHMAN. Pattern of discharge of respiratory neurons during systemic vasomotor waves. Am. J. Physiol. 217(5) : 1375-l 383. 1969.Systemic blood pressure oscillations, produced in paralyzed dogs by arresting ventilation or by hemorrhage during mechanical ventilation, were related to the phasic phrenic nerve electrical activity. Oscillations syn...

AIMS Cardiac resynchronization therapy is an established therapy for heart failure, improving quality of life and prognosis. Despite advances in technique, available leads and delivery systems, trans-venous left ventricular (LV) lead positioning remains dependent on the patient's underlying venous anatomy. The left phrenic nerve courses over the surface of the pericardium laterally and may be s...

In this overview, we outline what is known regarding the key developmental stages of phrenic nerve and diaphragm formation in perinatal rats. These developmental events include the following. Cervical axons emerge from the spinal cord during embryonic (E) day 11. At approximately E12.5, phrenic and brachial axons from the cervical segments merge at the brachial plexi. Subsequently, the two popu...

Diaphragmatic palsy due to intraoperative injury of the phrenic nerve leads severe ventilation disorders, a decrease in quality life, leveling effect main operation. According foreign authors, reconstruction is an optimal alternative diaphragm plication acute injuries nerve. This case describes first successful experience our country with intercostal graft patient locally advanced stage IIIB th...

In anesthetized rats, increases in phrenic nerve amplitude and frequency during brief periods of hypoxia are followed by a reduction in phrenic nerve burst frequency [posthypoxia frequency decline (PHFD)]. We investigated the effects of chronic exposure to hypoxia on PHFD and on peripheral and central O2-sensing mechanisms. In Inactin-anesthetized (100 mg/kg) Sprague-Dawley rats, phrenic nerve ...