The HIV/AIDS epidemic has placed increasing demands on limited paediatric intensive care services in developing countries. The decision to admit HIV infected children with Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP) into the paediatric intensive care unit (PICU) has to be made on the best available evidence of outcome and the ethical principles guiding appropriate use of scarce resources. The difficul...

STUDY OBJECTIVES To assess the effect of palivizumab licensing for respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) prophylaxis on national pediatric ICU (PICU) admissions and on the need for mechanical ventilation due to RSV bronchiolitis in Israel. DESIGN Prospective national surveillance survey. SETTING All PICUs in Israel. PATIENTS OR PARTICIPANTS All patients admitted to a PICU because of acute bro...

BACKGROUND Early recognition and timely intervention are critical steps for the successful management of shock. The objective of this study was to develop a model to predict requirement for hemodynamic intervention in the pediatric intensive care unit (PICU); thus, clinicians can direct their care to patients likely to benefit from interventions to prevent further deterioration. METHODS The m...

OBJECTIVE To identify patient safety factors in pre-hospital and hospital management of critically ill children dying in a paediatric intensive care unit (PICU). DESIGN Retrospective case notes review. SETTING Single tertiary regional PICU in London. PARTICIPANTS 47 patients (7%) who died from a total of 679 children admitted during 2007 and 2008. Median age was 1.1 years and median predi...

BACKGROUND Observational studies in adults have shown a worse outcome associated with hyperoxia after resuscitation from cardiac arrest. Extrapolating from adult data, current pediatric resuscitation guidelines recommend avoiding hyperoxia. We investigated the relationship between arterial partial oxygen pressure and survival in patients admitted to the pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) afte...

Background—Observational studies in adults have shown a worse outcome associated with hyperoxia after resuscitation from cardiac arrest. Extrapolating from adult data, current pediatric resuscitation guidelines recommend avoiding hyperoxia. We investigated the relationship between arterial partial oxygen pressure and survival in patients admitted to the pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) afte...

Pediatric intensive care units (PICU) aim at promoting qualified care with the objective of achieving the best results and better progress for critically ill children. Mortality is the most frequently assessed outcome in PICU. This study was carried out to assess the factors contributing to the patient mortality in our PICU, including PRISM III and other predicting factors. This is a retrospect...

BACKGROUND Burnout and depression are common among medical trainees and intensive care unit providers, negatively impacting both providers and patients. We hypothesized that at the end of the pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) rotation, there would be an increased prevalence of depression and burnout in pediatric residents when compared to the beginning. METHODS Pediatric residents were ass...

OBJECTIVE To assess the adequacy of preparedness planning for an influenza pandemic by modeling the pediatric surge capacity of healthcare facility and pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) requirements over time. Governments and Public Health authorities have planned preparedness activities and training for a flu pandemic. PICU facilities will be the limiting factor in healthcare provision for ...

OBJECTIVES To compare outcomes of children receiving noninvasive ventilation with those receiving invasive ventilation as first-line mode of mechanical ventilation following unplanned intensive care admission. DESIGN Propensity score-matched cohort study analyzing data prospectively collected by the Pediatric Intensive Care Audit Network over 8 years (2007-2014). SETTING Thirty-one PICUs in...