Two major classes of chromosomally encoded Escherichia coli pili have been defined functionally by their receptor specificities. Common pili are termed "mannose-sensitive" (MS). They bind Tamm-Horsfal l uromucoid and their agglutination of guinea pig erythrocytes is inhibited by o-mannose. In contrast, mannose-resistant (MR) pili agglutinate human erythrocytes in the presence of D-mannose. Most...

The conductive pili of Geobacter species play an important role in electron transfer to Fe(III) oxides, in long-range electron transport through current-producing biofilms, and in direct interspecies electron transfer. Although multiple lines of evidence have indicated that the pili of Geobacter sulfurreducens have a metal-like conductivity, independent of the presence of c-type cytochromes, th...

cGVHD: chronic graft-vs-host disease HSCT: hematopoietic stem cell transplant INTRODUCTION Pili torti is a term that originates from Latin (pili meaning hair, torti meaning twisted) used to describe the irregularly flattened and twisted appearance of hair shafts on microscopic hair mount evaluation. Clinically, affected patients have fragile, coarse, and sparse hair. The 1808 rotation along the...

Type IV pili play an important role in bacterial adhesion, motility, and biofilm formation. Here we present high-resolution atomic force microscopy (AFM) images of type IV pili from Pseudomonas aeruginosa bacteria. An individual pilus ranges in length from 0.5 to 7 microm and has a diameter from 4 to 6 nm, although often, pili bundles in which the individual filaments differed in both length an...

Type I and type IV pili of Xylella fastidiosa play different roles in twitching motility, biofilm formation, and cell-cell aggregation. Thirty twitching mutants were generated with an EZ::TN transposome system and type IV pilus-associated genes were identified, including fimT, pilX, pilY1, pilO, and pilR. Mutations in all resulted in a twitch-minus phenotype except that pilY1 mutant was twitchi...

Hair shaft disorders encompass a wide range of hair defects with or without fragility, which could be acquired inherited genetically. may localized generalized and are characterized by changes in color, structure, length, density. Pili torti, also called twisted hair, is clinical entity the flattened 180° along its axis. annulati described as striped showing alternate light dark bands. Trichorr...

The arsenate poisoning of R17 phage eclipse in Escherichia coli cultures grown in glycerol-containing medium has been found to be mediated by a dramatic loss in cell-associated F pili. Poisoning was very rapid and was nearly complete within 3 min at 37 C. The loss of pili was reflected by a 90% reduction in the ability of these cells to attach ribonucleic acid phage and by a reduction in the pi...

Neisseria gonorrheae bacteria are the causative agent of the second most common sexually transmitted infection in the world. The bacteria move on a surface by means of twitching motility. Their movement is mediated by multiple long and flexible filaments, called type IV pili, that extend from the cell body, attach to the surface, and retract, thus generating a pulling force. Moving cells also u...

PURPOSE To determine the relationship between pili annulati (PA) and acquired trichorrhexis nodosa (TN) seen in the same patient, considering the two main theories evoked by previous studies: greater stiffness of darker PA bands or associated cuticular damage. PROCEDURES Light microscopy of hair shafts from different regions of the patient's scalp. RESULTS TN was not superimposed to dark ba...

Multiple pilus types from a uropathogenic strain of Escherichia coli O6, strain 6260, were characterized by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE), high-pressure liquid chromatography, binding assays, and erythrocyte adsorption. In addition, monoclonal antibodies were raised against purified pili of E. coli 6260 and used for immunological characterization. SDS-PAGE...