In this paper we re-visit the Matsui’s linear cryptanalysis. The linear attack on the full round DES was the first attack that has been verified experimentally. Matsui extended one-round linear approximations to a linear mask of plaintext-ciphertext pairs by means of his piling-up lemma. The assumption of the lemma, the independence of the random variables in the round approximations, is hopefu...

The objective of this study was to evaluate the long-term effects piling secondary forest residue (after 3 decades) on soil chemical properties, growth, and nutrition Pinus taeda weeds at three locations. After removal piling, areas were cultivated with P. (22 years), followed by eucalyptus (7 returned taeda. At 2 years age, tree height needle-nutrient levels ongoing from influenced outside zon...

Background: Piling, a behaviour where hens crowd together, is referred to as smothering if mortalities result. Smothering considerable concern for the egg industry, yet vastly understudied. Methods: During an outbreak of recurrent smothering, continuous video footage captured commercial, free-range flock over 35 days. We describe piling observed and potential associations with productivity heal...

The purpose of this study is to empirically reveal strategies of students' organization of learning-related digital materials within an online personal information archive. Research population included 518 students who utilized the personal Web space allocated to them on the university servers for archiving information items, and data describing their directory hierarchies. Several variables fo...

The operation and in particular the construction of offshore wind converters induce considerable underwater noise emissions. It is assumed that small whales and seals can be affected by noise from machines and vessels, piling and installation of the wind turbines. Piling, in particular using hydraulic hammers creates impulsive noise with considerable high energy levels. Currently, only little k...

In this paper, we extend the idea of piling-up lemma and linear cryptanalysis applied to symmetric-key block ciphers. We also examine this new method of Extended Linear Cryptanalysis on two-round Rijndael, which is designed to be immune to linear cryptanalysis attack. Even though our results do not show much surprise on two-round Rijndael, the effects on other block ciphers remain open questions.

Matsui's linear cryptanalysis for iterated block ciphers is generalized by replacing his linear expressions with I/O sums. For a single round, an I/O sum is the XOR of a balanced binary-valued function of the round input and a balanced binary-valued function of the round output. The basic attack is described and conditions for it to be successful are given. A procedure for nding e ective I/O su...

CONTEXT AND OBJECTIVE Bovine tuberculosis (bTB) surveillance in Belgium is essential to maintain the officially free status and to preserve animal and public health. An evaluation of the system is thus needed to ascertain the surveillance provides a precise description of the current situation in the country. The evaluation should assess stakeholders' perceptions and expectations about the syst...

Hal incorporates a number of high level language constructs such as the incremental special ization of synchronization constraints to maintain the consistency of actors at run time the inheritance of both code and synchronization constraints and limited re ective capabilities to customize the system with respect to fault tolerance This paper describes some issues in com piling Hal and in partic...