In this study, a cooling system for fusion reactor divertor that utilizes swirling flow generated downstream of multi-elbow piping was proposed, and fields the (triple elbow) were investigated using visualization experiment. Additionally, heat transfer experiment conducted under one-sided heating condition to simulate environment. The results revealed flux removed by in elbow exceeded critical ...

BACKGROUND Central dialysate fluid delivery systems (CDDS) are used by dialysis centers in Japan, and although these systems are effective at delivering dialysate, they have a complex piping network with numerous sites where contamination can develop. In Japan, cleaning disinfectants have been clinically evaluated based on endotoxin levels and bacterial counts, but there have been no published ...

[1] Land drainage is common in peatlands. Artificially drained blanket peat catchments have been shown to have a significantly greater soil pipe density than intact catchments. This paper investigates the role of surface land drains in the enhancement of soil piping in blanket peats. The density of piping was found to significantly increase in a linear fashion with the age of the drainage. Thir...