This paper examines how university research alliances and other cooperative links with universities contribute to startup employment growth. We argue that “scientific absorptive capacity” at the startup is critical for reaping the benefits from university research alliances, but not necessarily for other university connections. We also estimate the aggregate employment contribution from startup...

In a separator electrode assembly microbial fuel cell, oxygen crossover from the cathode inhibits current generation by exoelectrogenic bacteria, resulting in poor reactor startup and performance. To determine the best approach for improving startup performance, the effect of acclimation to a low set potential (-0.2V, versus standard hydrogen electrode) was compared to startup at a higher poten...

One of the major challenges in parallel computing over large scale clusters is fast and scalable process startup, which typically can be divided into two phases: process initiation and connection setup. In this paper, we characterize the startup of MPI programs in InfiniBand clusters and identify two startup scalability issues: serialized process initiation in the initiation phase and high comm...

This paper empirically examines commercialization of university faculty inventions through startup firms from 1994 through 2008. Using data from the Association of University Technology Managers and the 2010 NRC doctoral rankings, our research reveals several findings. We find that university entrepreneurship is more common in bad economic times and that engineering department quality and biolo...

Software startups are more popular than ever and growing in numbers. They operate under conditions of extreme uncertainty and face plenty of challenges, underlined by their high failure rate. Using Design Science Research, these challenges were investigated. A literature study showed that in recent years, several authors have suggested ways to increase the odds of succeeding as a startup, such ...

This paper introduces a comprehensive data set of patents issued in the U.S. between 1975 and 1998 in the biological sciences applied to plant agriculture. Novel sampling techniques are employed along with a multinomial econometric model to analyze the differences in patenting across the R&D sectors of the economy. Hypotheses are presented that universities and public institutions specialize in...

The process of granule formation in upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) reactors was studied using oligonucleotide hybridization probes. Two laboratory-scale UASB reactors were inoculated with sieved primary anaerobic digester sludge from a municipal wastewater treatment plant and operated similarly except that reactor G was fed glucose, while reactor GP was fed glucose and propionate. Size ...

The ground-level ozone is a pervasive air pollutant, which can be potentially elevated by flaring emissions during chemical plant turnaround operations (i.e., startup and shutdown). Especially in chemical plant concentrated regions, the regional air-quality (i.e., the ozone concentration) may be aggravated by simultaneous turnaround emissions from multiple chemical plants. Thus, under viable ma...