Vitrification is a powerful tool for the efficient production of offspring derived from cryopreserved oocytes or embryos in mammalian species including domestic animals. Genome editing technologies such as transcription activator-like effector nucleases (TALENs) and clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/ CRISPR-associated (Cas)9 are now available even for domestic s...

In the case of grid voltage quality problems, traditional phase-locked loop (PLL) is hard to detect accurate frequency and phase during transient response, which will be detrimental synchronous stability grid-connected inverters. This paper proposes a mode switching based ride-through PLL (TRT-PLL), aiming improve phase-locking performance through detection technique switching. The TRT-PLL inco...

Large-scale application of alginate-poly-L-lysine (alginate-PLL) capsules used for microencapsulation of living cells is hampered by varying degrees of success, caused by tissue responses against the capsules in the host. A major cause is proinflammatory PLL which is applied at the surface to provide semipermeable properties and immunoprotection. In this study, we investigated whether applicati...

Here, we describe a bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2) nanocarrier based on glycyrrhetinic acid (GA)-poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG)-b-poly(l-lysine) (PLL). A protein nanocarrier was synthesized, characterized and evaluated as a BMP-2 delivery system. The designed nanocarrier was synthesized based on the ring-opening polymerization of amino acid N-carboxyanhydride. The final product was measured ...

BACKGROUND Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is closely associated with the development of a number of tumors. During latent infection, EBV continuously expresses a number of viral genes which are essential for cell transformation and maintenance of the malignant phenotype of EBV-related tumors. There has been no previous link between EBV and T-cell prolymphocytic leukemia (T-PLL), a distinctive form of...

BACKGROUND Cervical disc replacement (CDR) has been widely used to restore and maintain mobility and function of the treated and adjacent motion segments. Posterior longitudinal ligament (PLL) resection has been shown to be efficient in anterior cervical decompression and fusion. However, less is known about the biomechanical effect of PLL removal versus preservation in cervical disc arthroplas...

Low cytotoxicity and high gene transfection efficiency are critical issues in designing current non-viral gene delivery vectors. The purpose of the present work was to synthesize the novel biodegradable poly (lactic acid)-poly(ethylene glycol)-poly(l-lysine) (PLA-PEG-PLL) copolymer, and explore its applicability and feasibility as a non-viral vector for gene transport. PLA-PEG-PLL was obtained ...

A phase-locked loop (PLL) with frequency resolution in steps smaller than the reference oscillator is often wanted. Although this can be accomplished with a fractional-N PLL, in which the divide ratio is varied between N and N+1 at a defined rate, this technique generates undesired spurs. An alternative is to use a delta-sigma modulator in which the divide ratio (divisor) is dithered, eliminati...

There is several application of phase locked loop in the field of communication. It depends on the mixed signal operation. It is capable of fast locking capability. present work based on redesign of the PLL system using 90nm technology process at frequency 1 GHz and the lock time is 179.5 ns and transient analysis of the PLL is simulate between 1ns to 1000ns.it consumes the 179.5 mW power at 1....

Primary lens luxation (PLL) is a well-recognized, painful and potentially blinding inherited ocular condition in dogs. We screened PLL-affected dogs of 30 different breeds, to identify those which carried a previously described c.1473+1 G>A mutation in ADAMTS17 that is associated with PLL in Miniature Bull terriers, Lancashire Heelers, and Jack Russell terriers. This ADAMTS17 mutation was ident...