We compare the potential of hybrid, extended-range plug-in hybrid, and battery electric vehicles to reduce lifetime cost and life cycle greenhouse gas emissions under various scenarios and simulated driving conditions. We find that driving conditions affect economic and environmental benefits of electrified vehicles substantially: Under the urban NYC driving cycle, hybrid and plug-in vehicles c...

The widespread commercial availability of plug-in Electric Vehicles (EVs) in recent years motivates policies to encourage EV adoption and infrastructure to cope with the increasing number of EVs. We present an agent-based EV ecosystem model that incorporates EV adoption and usage with spatial and temporal considerations and that can aid different EV industry stakeholders such as policymakers, u...

The paper gives an economic assessment of Plug-In Hybrid cars. It analyses the impact of fuel prices and battery cost on their economic competitiveness and on the optimal electric driving range. To determine the proportion of electric driven kilometers to the overall kilometrage of the PHEV, data on average driving behavior of passenger car drivers in Austria is used. In a first step the total ...

Electric and Plug-in Hybrid Vehicles HIGHLIGHTS PROCESS AND TECHNOLOGY STATUS – Battery electric vehicles (BEVs) and plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs) share characteristics that provide a range of benefits such as lower CO2 emissions (potentially zero for pure EVs); no local pollution; competitive operating costs, quiet operation; high acceleration; regenerative braking and other systems...

This paper presents an evaluation of battery requirements for hybrid and electric city buses. Technical specifications of recently developed lithium based batteries and vehicle simulation results are used as basis for the evaluation. The battery requirements are evaluated in terms of power and energy capacity, calendar and cycle life as well as costs. Conventional diesel, parallel and series hy...

Inadequate consumer adoption has become a major obstacle to the diffusion of electric vehicles. Understanding and interfering with decision-making these consumers may be key acceptance In this study, an improved agent-based modelling is proposed simulate market vehicles under multi-policy scenarios. The logic portrayed by integrating preferences, charging facilities, impact government subsidies...

The H dihyperon (DH) is studied in the framework of the SU(3) chiral quark model. It is shown that except the σ chiral field, the overall effect of the other SU(3) chiral fields is destructive in forming a stable DH. The resultant mass of DH in a three coupled channel calculation is ranged from 2225 M eV to 2234 M eV .