The antibody response to pneumococcal glycoconjugate (Pnc) was characterized by analyzing pneumococcal polysaccharide (PPS)-- and protein carrier-specific IgG subclass profiles and their relationship. Mice were immunized intranasally (inl) or subcutaneously (sc) with Pnc with mutants of Escherichia coli heat-labile enterotoxin, LT-R72 and LT-K63, as mucosal adjuvants. Subcutaneous immunization ...

We discuss experiments aimed at measurements of atomic parity nonconservation (PNC) effects in the 6s 1S0 → 5d6s 3D1 transition (408 nm) in atomic Ytterbium (Z=70). According to theoretical predictions, the PNC-induced E1 amplitude of this transition is ∼ 100 times larger than the analogous amplitude in Cs. Such an experiment will determine differences in PNC effects between different hyperfine...

Background Breastfeeding is known as a key intervention to improve newborn health and survival while prelacteal feeds (liquids other than breastmilk within 3 days of birth) represents a departure from optimal feeding practices. Recent programmatic guidelines from the WHO and UNICEF outline the need to improve newborn feeding and points to postnatal care (PNC) as a potential mechanism to do so. ...

The amplitude of the acoustic startle response (ASP) in rats is increased in the presence of a cue that has previously been paired with an aversive stimulus such as a footshock. This phenomenon is called fear-potentiated startle and is a model to study the neuronal and neurochemical mechanisms of the acquisition and expression of fear. The present study investigated the role in fear-potentiated...

Jet engine exhaust is a significant source of ultrafine particles and aviation-related emissions can adversely impact air quality over large areas surrounding airports. We investigated outdoor and indoor ultrafine particle number concentrations (PNC) from 16 residences located in two study areas in the greater Boston metropolitan area (MA, USA) for evidence of aviation-related impacts. During w...

Background. To investigate the effect of social service prenatal care (PNC) utilization on perinatal outcomes among women with socioeconomic problems in the Tokyo metropolitan area. Methods. Retrospective study. The study enrolled all women at our hospital who either attended PNC utilizing social services (attenders) or who did not attend PNC (nonattenders) between January 1, 2007, and December...

Hydrogenic systems are attractive objects for precision measurements of parity nonconservation (PNC) since their simple atomic structure allows for accurate theoretical calculations necessary for relating the observed effects to the standard model. Various possibilities for PNC experiments with hydrogenic ions have been discussed in the literature. Most of the early work dealt with the PNC cont...

Physical-layer Network Coding (PNC) makes use of the additive nature of the electromagnetic (EM) waves to apply network coding arithmetic at the physical layer. With PNC, the destructive effect of interference in wireless networks is eliminated and the capacity of networks can be boosted significantly. This paper addresses a key outstanding issue in PNC: synchronization among transmitting nodes...

Serum procalcitonin (PCT), a marker of bacterial infection, was measured in children with pneumonia to examine whether PCT can be used to screen pneumococcal (PNC) from viral pneumonia. The number of patients was 132; mean age 3.0 yrs, and 64% were males. In all cases, pneumonia was radiologically confirmed, being alveolar in 46 and interstitial in 86 cases. The aetiology of infection was studi...