. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 929 1. Descriptions of Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation (PNF) Stretching Techniques . . . . . . . . . . 931 2. Proposed Mechanisms Underlying the PNF Stretching Response . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...

In this paper we present a specialization of Allen interval networks that permits the rapid determination as to whether a given interval must be occurring at the current point in time. The Allen-closure of the interval network is projected into a 3-valued (past,now,fut) constraint network called a PNF-network. We show that the minimal domain of a PNF-network can be approximately computed in lin...

PURPOSE To determine the profile of neurodegeneration in Leber hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON). METHODS We quantitated serum levels of phosphorylated neurofilament heavy chain (pNF-H) in a Brazilian pedigree of 16 affected patients and 59 carriers with LHON, both molecularly characterized as harboring the G to A mutation at nucleotide 11,778 of the mitochondrial genome. The association of ...

Plexiform neurofibroma (PNF) of the scalp is an extremely rare lesion reported in association with neurofibromatosis (NF). Occipital location of PNF is even more infrequent; we reported one pediatric case of PNF in occipito-cervical region with multiple small occipital bone defects and associated with NF-1.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of abdominal muscle strengthening training (AMST) using proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (PNF) on pulmonary function, pain, and functional disability index in chronic low back pain (CLBP) patients. Thirty CLBP patients were randomly assigned to the traditional physical therapy (control) group (n=15) and PNF-AMST group (n=15). Forced ...

BACKGROUND Percutaneous needle fasciotomy (PNF) is a minimally invasive technique used to manage Dupuytren's contracture. We compared outcomes of PNF versus open fasciectomy (OF) to examine the suitability of PNF in Australia. METHOD A retrospective cohort study using two questionnaires regarding Dupuytren's treatment was used to assess patients with uncomplicated primary disease. The primary...

Purpose: Manual lymphatic drainage (MLD) and proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (PNF) are potential therapeutic strategies to reduce mastectomy-induced edema. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether the combination of these therapies would induce synergistic effects to treat lymphedema-related complications and to analyze a possible physiological mechanism involved in the ob...

The effects of proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (PNF) stretch techniques on older adults are unknown and the physiological changes associated with aging may lead to differential responses to PNF stretching. Therefore, the purpose of this experiment was to examine the effects of PNF stretch techniques and EMG activity in older adults. Three PNF stretch techniques: static stretch (SS), c...

Growth of the aerial part of the plant is dependent upon the maintenance of the shoot apical meristem (SAM). A balance between the self-renewing stem cells in the central zone (CZ) and organogenesis in the peripheral zone (PZ) is essential for the integrity, function, and maintenance of the SAM. Understanding how the SAM maintains a balance between stem cell perpetuation and organogenesis is a ...